Linux-2.6.12-rc2v2.6.12-rc2

Initial git repository build. I'm not bothering with the full history,
even though we have it. We can create a separate "historical" git
archive of that later if we want to, and in the meantime it's about
3.2GB when imported into git - space that would just make the early
git days unnecessarily complicated, when we don't have a lot of good
infrastructure for it.

Let it rip!

9 files changed, 1357 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/arch/ppc/boot/utils/addRamDisk.c b/arch/ppc/boot/utils/addRamDisk.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..93400dfcce7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/ppc/boot/utils/addRamDisk.c
@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <netinet/in.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#define ElfHeaderSize  (64 * 1024)
+#define ElfPages  (ElfHeaderSize / 4096)
+#define KERNELBASE (0xc0000000)
+
+void get4k(FILE *file, char *buf )
+{
+    unsigned j;
+    unsigned num = fread(buf, 1, 4096, file);
+    for (  j=num; j<4096; ++j )
+	buf[j] = 0;
+}
+
+void put4k(FILE *file, char *buf )
+{
+    fwrite(buf, 1, 4096, file);
+}
+
+void death(const char *msg, FILE *fdesc, const char *fname)
+{
+    printf(msg);
+    fclose(fdesc);
+    unlink(fname);
+    exit(1);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+    char inbuf[4096];
+    FILE *ramDisk = NULL;
+    FILE *inputVmlinux = NULL;
+    FILE *outputVmlinux = NULL;
+    unsigned i = 0;
+    u_int32_t ramFileLen = 0;
+    u_int32_t ramLen = 0;
+    u_int32_t roundR = 0;
+    u_int32_t kernelLen = 0;
+    u_int32_t actualKernelLen = 0;
+    u_int32_t round = 0;
+    u_int32_t roundedKernelLen = 0;
+    u_int32_t ramStartOffs = 0;
+    u_int32_t ramPages = 0;
+    u_int32_t roundedKernelPages = 0;
+    u_int32_t hvReleaseData = 0;
+    u_int32_t eyeCatcher = 0xc8a5d9c4;
+    u_int32_t naca = 0;
+    u_int32_t xRamDisk = 0;
+    u_int32_t xRamDiskSize = 0;
+    if ( argc < 2 ) {
+	printf("Name of RAM disk file missing.\n");
+	exit(1);
+    }
+
+    if ( argc < 3 ) {
+	printf("Name of vmlinux file missing.\n");
+	exit(1);
+    }
+
+    if ( argc < 4 ) {
+	printf("Name of vmlinux output file missing.\n");
+	exit(1);
+    }
+
+    ramDisk = fopen(argv[1], "r");
+    if ( ! ramDisk ) {
+	printf("RAM disk file \"%s\" failed to open.\n", argv[1]);
+	exit(1);
+    }
+    inputVmlinux = fopen(argv[2], "r");
+    if ( ! inputVmlinux ) {
+	printf("vmlinux file \"%s\" failed to open.\n", argv[2]);
+	exit(1);
+    }
+    outputVmlinux = fopen(argv[3], "w+");
+    if ( ! outputVmlinux ) {
+	printf("output vmlinux file \"%s\" failed to open.\n", argv[3]);
+	exit(1);
+    }
+    fseek(ramDisk, 0, SEEK_END);
+    ramFileLen = ftell(ramDisk);
+    fseek(ramDisk, 0, SEEK_SET);
+    printf("%s file size = %d\n", argv[1], ramFileLen);
+
+    ramLen = ramFileLen;
+
+    roundR = 4096 - (ramLen % 4096);
+    if ( roundR ) {
+	printf("Rounding RAM disk file up to a multiple of 4096, adding %d\n", roundR);
+	ramLen += roundR;
+    }
+
+    printf("Rounded RAM disk size is %d\n", ramLen);
+    fseek(inputVmlinux, 0, SEEK_END);
+    kernelLen = ftell(inputVmlinux);
+    fseek(inputVmlinux, 0, SEEK_SET);
+    printf("kernel file size = %d\n", kernelLen);
+    if ( kernelLen == 0 ) {
+	printf("You must have a linux kernel specified as argv[2]\n");
+	exit(1);
+    }
+
+    actualKernelLen = kernelLen - ElfHeaderSize;
+
+    printf("actual kernel length (minus ELF header) = %d\n", actualKernelLen);
+
+    round = actualKernelLen % 4096;
+    roundedKernelLen = actualKernelLen;
+    if ( round )
+	roundedKernelLen += (4096 - round);
+
+    printf("actual kernel length rounded up to a 4k multiple = %d\n", roundedKernelLen);
+
+    ramStartOffs = roundedKernelLen;
+    ramPages = ramLen / 4096;
+
+    printf("RAM disk pages to copy = %d\n", ramPages);
+
+    // Copy 64K ELF header
+      for (i=0; i<(ElfPages); ++i) {
+	  get4k( inputVmlinux, inbuf );
+	  put4k( outputVmlinux, inbuf );
+      }
+
+    roundedKernelPages = roundedKernelLen / 4096;
+
+    fseek(inputVmlinux, ElfHeaderSize, SEEK_SET);
+
+    for ( i=0; i<roundedKernelPages; ++i ) {
+	get4k( inputVmlinux, inbuf );
+	put4k( outputVmlinux, inbuf );
+    }
+
+    for ( i=0; i<ramPages; ++i ) {
+	get4k( ramDisk, inbuf );
+	put4k( outputVmlinux, inbuf );
+    }
+
+    /* Close the input files */
+    fclose(ramDisk);
+    fclose(inputVmlinux);
+    /* And flush the written output file */
+    fflush(outputVmlinux);
+
+    /* fseek to the hvReleaseData pointer */
+    fseek(outputVmlinux, ElfHeaderSize + 0x24, SEEK_SET);
+    if (fread(&hvReleaseData, 4, 1, outputVmlinux) != 1) {
+        death("Could not read hvReleaseData pointer\n", outputVmlinux, argv[3]);
+    }
+    hvReleaseData = ntohl(hvReleaseData); /* Convert to native int */
+    printf("hvReleaseData is at %08x\n", hvReleaseData);
+
+    /* fseek to the hvReleaseData */
+    fseek(outputVmlinux, ElfHeaderSize + hvReleaseData, SEEK_SET);
+    if (fread(inbuf, 0x40, 1, outputVmlinux) != 1) {
+        death("Could not read hvReleaseData\n", outputVmlinux, argv[3]);
+    }
+    /* Check hvReleaseData sanity */
+    if (memcmp(inbuf, &eyeCatcher, 4) != 0) {
+        death("hvReleaseData is invalid\n", outputVmlinux, argv[3]);
+    }
+    /* Get the naca pointer */
+    naca = ntohl(*((u_int32_t *) &inbuf[0x0c])) - KERNELBASE;
+    printf("naca is at %08x\n", naca);
+
+    /* fseek to the naca */
+    fseek(outputVmlinux, ElfHeaderSize + naca, SEEK_SET);
+    if (fread(inbuf, 0x18, 1, outputVmlinux) != 1) {
+        death("Could not read naca\n", outputVmlinux, argv[3]);
+    }
+    xRamDisk = ntohl(*((u_int32_t *) &inbuf[0x0c]));
+    xRamDiskSize = ntohl(*((u_int32_t *) &inbuf[0x14]));
+    /* Make sure a RAM disk isn't already present */
+    if ((xRamDisk != 0) || (xRamDiskSize != 0)) {
+        death("RAM disk is already attached to this kernel\n", outputVmlinux, argv[3]);
+    }
+    /* Fill in the values */
+    *((u_int32_t *) &inbuf[0x0c]) = htonl(ramStartOffs);
+    *((u_int32_t *) &inbuf[0x14]) = htonl(ramPages);
+
+    /* Write out the new naca */
+    fflush(outputVmlinux);
+    fseek(outputVmlinux, ElfHeaderSize + naca, SEEK_SET);
+    if (fwrite(inbuf, 0x18, 1, outputVmlinux) != 1) {
+        death("Could not write naca\n", outputVmlinux, argv[3]);
+    }
+    printf("RAM Disk of 0x%x pages size is attached to the kernel at offset 0x%08x\n",
+            ramPages, ramStartOffs);
+
+    /* Done */
+    fclose(outputVmlinux);
+    /* Set permission to executable */
+    chmod(argv[3], S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR|S_IXUSR|S_IRGRP|S_IXGRP|S_IROTH|S_IXOTH);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
diff --git a/arch/ppc/boot/utils/addSystemMap.c b/arch/ppc/boot/utils/addSystemMap.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4654f891b27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/ppc/boot/utils/addSystemMap.c
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <byteswap.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+
+void xlate( char * inb, char * trb, unsigned len )
+{
+    unsigned i;
+    for (  i=0; i<len; ++i ) {
+	char c = *inb++;
+	char c1 = c >> 4;
+	char c2 = c & 0xf;
+	if ( c1 > 9 )
+	    c1 = c1 + 'A' - 10;
+	else
+	    c1 = c1 + '0';
+	if ( c2 > 9 )
+	    c2 = c2 + 'A' - 10;
+	else
+	    c2 = c2 + '0';
+	*trb++ = c1;
+	*trb++ = c2;
+    }
+    *trb = 0;
+}
+
+#define ElfHeaderSize  (64 * 1024)
+#define ElfPages  (ElfHeaderSize / 4096)
+#define KERNELBASE (0xc0000000)
+
+void get4k( /*istream *inf*/FILE *file, char *buf )
+{
+    unsigned j;
+    unsigned num = fread(buf, 1, 4096, file);
+    for (  j=num; j<4096; ++j )
+	buf[j] = 0;
+}
+
+void put4k( /*ostream *outf*/FILE *file, char *buf )
+{
+    fwrite(buf, 1, 4096, file);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+    char inbuf[4096];
+    FILE *ramDisk = NULL;
+    FILE *inputVmlinux = NULL;
+    FILE *outputVmlinux = NULL;
+    unsigned i = 0;
+    unsigned long ramFileLen = 0;
+    unsigned long ramLen = 0;
+    unsigned long roundR = 0;
+    unsigned long kernelLen = 0;
+    unsigned long actualKernelLen = 0;
+    unsigned long round = 0;
+    unsigned long roundedKernelLen = 0;
+    unsigned long ramStartOffs = 0;
+    unsigned long ramPages = 0;
+    unsigned long roundedKernelPages = 0;
+    if ( argc < 2 ) {
+	printf("Name of System Map file missing.\n");
+	exit(1);
+    }
+
+    if ( argc < 3 ) {
+	printf("Name of vmlinux file missing.\n");
+	exit(1);
+    }
+
+    if ( argc < 4 ) {
+	printf("Name of vmlinux output file missing.\n");
+	exit(1);
+    }
+
+    ramDisk = fopen(argv[1], "r");
+    if ( ! ramDisk ) {
+	printf("System Map file \"%s\" failed to open.\n", argv[1]);
+	exit(1);
+    }
+    inputVmlinux = fopen(argv[2], "r");
+    if ( ! inputVmlinux ) {
+	printf("vmlinux file \"%s\" failed to open.\n", argv[2]);
+	exit(1);
+    }
+    outputVmlinux = fopen(argv[3], "w");
+    if ( ! outputVmlinux ) {
+	printf("output vmlinux file \"%s\" failed to open.\n", argv[3]);
+	exit(1);
+    }
+    fseek(ramDisk, 0, SEEK_END);
+    ramFileLen = ftell(ramDisk);
+    fseek(ramDisk, 0, SEEK_SET);
+    printf("%s file size = %ld\n", argv[1], ramFileLen);
+
+    ramLen = ramFileLen;
+
+    roundR = 4096 - (ramLen % 4096);
+    if ( roundR ) {
+	printf("Rounding System Map file up to a multiple of 4096, adding %ld\n", roundR);
+	ramLen += roundR;
+    }
+
+    printf("Rounded System Map size is %ld\n", ramLen);
+    fseek(inputVmlinux, 0, SEEK_END);
+    kernelLen = ftell(inputVmlinux);
+    fseek(inputVmlinux, 0, SEEK_SET);
+    printf("kernel file size = %ld\n", kernelLen);
+    if ( kernelLen == 0 ) {
+	printf("You must have a linux kernel specified as argv[2]\n");
+	exit(1);
+    }
+
+    actualKernelLen = kernelLen - ElfHeaderSize;
+
+    printf("actual kernel length (minus ELF header) = %ld\n", actualKernelLen);
+
+    round = actualKernelLen % 4096;
+    roundedKernelLen = actualKernelLen;
+    if ( round )
+	roundedKernelLen += (4096 - round);
+
+    printf("actual kernel length rounded up to a 4k multiple = %ld\n", roundedKernelLen);
+
+    ramStartOffs = roundedKernelLen;
+    ramPages = ramLen / 4096;
+
+    printf("System map pages to copy = %ld\n", ramPages);
+
+    // Copy 64K ELF header
+      for (i=0; i<(ElfPages); ++i) {
+	  get4k( inputVmlinux, inbuf );
+	  put4k( outputVmlinux, inbuf );
+      }
+
+
+
+    roundedKernelPages = roundedKernelLen / 4096;
+
+    fseek(inputVmlinux, ElfHeaderSize, SEEK_SET);
+
+    {
+	for ( i=0; i<roundedKernelPages; ++i ) {
+	    get4k( inputVmlinux, inbuf );
+	    if ( i == 0 ) {
+		unsigned long * p;
+		printf("Storing embedded_sysmap_start at 0x3c\n");
+		p = (unsigned long *)(inbuf + 0x3c);
+
+#if (BYTE_ORDER == __BIG_ENDIAN)
+		*p = ramStartOffs;
+#else
+		*p = bswap_32(ramStartOffs);
+#endif
+
+		printf("Storing embedded_sysmap_end at 0x44\n");
+		p = (unsigned long *)(inbuf + 0x44);
+#if (BYTE_ORDER == __BIG_ENDIAN)
+		*p = ramStartOffs + ramFileLen;
+#else
+		*p = bswap_32(ramStartOffs + ramFileLen);
+#endif
+	    }
+	    put4k( outputVmlinux, inbuf );
+	}
+    }
+
+    {
+	for ( i=0; i<ramPages; ++i ) {
+	    get4k( ramDisk, inbuf );
+	    put4k( outputVmlinux, inbuf );
+	}
+    }
+
+
+    fclose(ramDisk);
+    fclose(inputVmlinux);
+    fclose(outputVmlinux);
+    /* Set permission to executable */
+    chmod(argv[3], S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR|S_IXUSR|S_IRGRP|S_IXGRP|S_IROTH|S_IXOTH);
+
+    return 0;
+
+}
+
diff --git a/arch/ppc/boot/utils/addnote.c b/arch/ppc/boot/utils/addnote.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6c52b18f2d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/ppc/boot/utils/addnote.c
@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+/*
+ * Program to hack in a PT_NOTE program header entry in an ELF file.
+ * This is needed for OF on RS/6000s to load an image correctly.
+ * Note that OF needs a program header entry for the note, not an
+ * ELF section.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2000 Paul Mackerras.
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
+ * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
+ * 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * Usage: addnote zImage
+ */
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+char arch[] = "PowerPC";
+
+#define N_DESCR	6
+unsigned int descr[N_DESCR] = {
+#if 1
+	/* values for IBM RS/6000 machines */
+	0xffffffff,		/* real-mode = true */
+	0x00c00000,		/* real-base, i.e. where we expect OF to be */
+	0xffffffff,		/* real-size */
+	0xffffffff,		/* virt-base */
+	0xffffffff,		/* virt-size */
+	0x4000,			/* load-base */
+#else
+	/* values for longtrail CHRP */
+	0,			/* real-mode = false */
+	0xffffffff,		/* real-base */
+	0xffffffff,		/* real-size */
+	0xffffffff,		/* virt-base */
+	0xffffffff,		/* virt-size */
+	0x00600000,		/* load-base */
+#endif
+};
+
+unsigned char buf[512];
+
+#define GET_16BE(off)	((buf[off] << 8) + (buf[(off)+1]))
+#define GET_32BE(off)	((GET_16BE(off) << 16) + GET_16BE((off)+2))
+
+#define PUT_16BE(off, v)	(buf[off] = ((v) >> 8) & 0xff, \
+				 buf[(off) + 1] = (v) & 0xff)
+#define PUT_32BE(off, v)	(PUT_16BE((off), (v) >> 16), \
+				 PUT_16BE((off) + 2, (v)))
+
+/* Structure of an ELF file */
+#define E_IDENT		0	/* ELF header */
+#define	E_PHOFF		28
+#define E_PHENTSIZE	42
+#define E_PHNUM		44
+#define E_HSIZE		52	/* size of ELF header */
+
+#define EI_MAGIC	0	/* offsets in E_IDENT area */
+#define EI_CLASS	4
+#define EI_DATA		5
+
+#define PH_TYPE		0	/* ELF program header */
+#define PH_OFFSET	4
+#define PH_FILESZ	16
+#define PH_HSIZE	32	/* size of program header */
+
+#define PT_NOTE		4	/* Program header type = note */
+
+#define ELFCLASS32	1
+#define ELFDATA2MSB	2
+
+unsigned char elf_magic[4] = { 0x7f, 'E', 'L', 'F' };
+
+int main(int ac, char **av)
+{
+	int fd, n, i;
+	int ph, ps, np;
+	int nnote, ns;
+
+	if (ac != 2) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s elf-file\n", av[0]);
+		exit(1);
+	}
+	fd = open(av[1], O_RDWR);
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		perror(av[1]);
+		exit(1);
+	}
+
+	nnote = strlen(arch) + 1 + (N_DESCR + 3) * 4;
+
+	n = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
+	if (n < 0) {
+		perror("read");
+		exit(1);
+	}
+
+	if (n < E_HSIZE || memcmp(&buf[E_IDENT+EI_MAGIC], elf_magic, 4) != 0)
+		goto notelf;
+
+	if (buf[E_IDENT+EI_CLASS] != ELFCLASS32
+	    || buf[E_IDENT+EI_DATA] != ELFDATA2MSB) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s is not a big-endian 32-bit ELF image\n",
+			av[1]);
+		exit(1);
+	}
+
+	ph = GET_32BE(E_PHOFF);
+	ps = GET_16BE(E_PHENTSIZE);
+	np = GET_16BE(E_PHNUM);
+	if (ph < E_HSIZE || ps < PH_HSIZE || np < 1)
+		goto notelf;
+	if (ph + (np + 1) * ps + nnote > n)
+		goto nospace;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < np; ++i) {
+		if (GET_32BE(ph + PH_TYPE) == PT_NOTE) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s already has a note entry\n",
+				av[1]);
+			exit(0);
+		}
+		ph += ps;
+	}
+
+	/* XXX check that the area we want to use is all zeroes */
+	for (i = 0; i < ps + nnote; ++i)
+		if (buf[ph + i] != 0)
+			goto nospace;
+
+	/* fill in the program header entry */
+	ns = ph + ps;
+	PUT_32BE(ph + PH_TYPE, PT_NOTE);
+	PUT_32BE(ph + PH_OFFSET, ns);
+	PUT_32BE(ph + PH_FILESZ, nnote);
+
+	/* fill in the note area we point to */
+	/* XXX we should probably make this a proper section */
+	PUT_32BE(ns, strlen(arch) + 1);
+	PUT_32BE(ns + 4, N_DESCR * 4);
+	PUT_32BE(ns + 8, 0x1275);
+	strcpy(&buf[ns + 12], arch);
+	ns += 12 + strlen(arch) + 1;
+	for (i = 0; i < N_DESCR; ++i)
+		PUT_32BE(ns + i * 4, descr[i]);
+
+	/* Update the number of program headers */
+	PUT_16BE(E_PHNUM, np + 1);
+
+	/* write back */
+	lseek(fd, (long) 0, SEEK_SET);
+	i = write(fd, buf, n);
+	if (i < 0) {
+		perror("write");
+		exit(1);
+	}
+	if (i < n) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s: write truncated\n", av[1]);
+		exit(1);
+	}
+
+	exit(0);
+
+ notelf:
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s does not appear to be an ELF file\n", av[0]);
+	exit(1);
+
+ nospace:
+	fprintf(stderr, "sorry, I can't find space in %s to put the note\n",
+		av[0]);
+	exit(1);
+}
diff --git a/arch/ppc/boot/utils/elf.pl b/arch/ppc/boot/utils/elf.pl
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d3e9d9d5b84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/ppc/boot/utils/elf.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#
+# ELF header field numbers
+#
+
+$e_ident	=  0;	# Identification bytes / magic number
+$e_type		=  1;	# ELF file type
+$e_machine	=  2;	# Target machine type
+$e_version	=  3;	# File version
+$e_entry	=  4;	# Start address
+$e_phoff	=  5;	# Program header file offset
+$e_shoff	=  6;	# Section header file offset
+$e_flags	=  7;	# File flags
+$e_ehsize	=  8;	# Size of ELF header
+$e_phentsize	=  9;	# Size of program header
+$e_phnum	= 10;	# Number of program header entries
+$e_shentsize	= 11;	# Size of section header
+$e_shnum	= 12;	# Number of section header entries
+$e_shstrndx	= 13;	# Section header table string index
+
+#
+# Section header field numbers
+#
+
+$sh_name	=  0;	# Section name
+$sh_type	=  1;	# Section header type
+$sh_flags	=  2;	# Section header flags
+$sh_addr	=  3;	# Virtual address
+$sh_offset	=  4;	# File offset
+$sh_size	=  5;	# Section size
+$sh_link	=  6;	# Miscellaneous info
+$sh_info	=  7;	# More miscellaneous info
+$sh_addralign	=  8;	# Memory alignment
+$sh_entsize	=  9;	# Entry size if this is a table
diff --git a/arch/ppc/boot/utils/hack-coff.c b/arch/ppc/boot/utils/hack-coff.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5e5a6573a1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/ppc/boot/utils/hack-coff.c
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/*
+ * hack-coff.c - hack the header of an xcoff file to fill in
+ * a few fields needed by the Open Firmware xcoff loader on
+ * Power Macs but not initialized by objcopy.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) Paul Mackerras 1997.
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
+ * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
+ * 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ */
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "rs6000.h"
+
+#define AOUT_MAGIC	0x010b
+
+#define get_16be(x)	((((unsigned char *)(x))[0] << 8) \
+			 + ((unsigned char *)(x))[1])
+#define put_16be(x, v)	(((unsigned char *)(x))[0] = (v) >> 8, \
+			 ((unsigned char *)(x))[1] = (v) & 0xff)
+#define get_32be(x)	((((unsigned char *)(x))[0] << 24) \
+			 + (((unsigned char *)(x))[1] << 16) \
+			 + (((unsigned char *)(x))[2] << 8) \
+			 + ((unsigned char *)(x))[3])
+
+int
+main(int ac, char **av)
+{
+    int fd;
+    int i, nsect;
+    int aoutsz;
+    struct external_filehdr fhdr;
+    AOUTHDR aout;
+    struct external_scnhdr shdr;
+
+    if (ac != 2) {
+	fprintf(stderr, "Usage: hack-coff coff-file\n");
+	exit(1);
+    }
+    if ((fd = open(av[1], 2)) == -1) {
+	perror(av[2]);
+	exit(1);
+    }
+    if (read(fd, &fhdr, sizeof(fhdr)) != sizeof(fhdr))
+	goto readerr;
+    i = get_16be(fhdr.f_magic);
+    if (i != U802TOCMAGIC && i != U802WRMAGIC && i != U802ROMAGIC) {
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s: not an xcoff file\n", av[1]);
+	exit(1);
+    }
+    aoutsz = get_16be(fhdr.f_opthdr);
+    if (read(fd, &aout, aoutsz) != aoutsz)
+	goto readerr;
+    nsect = get_16be(fhdr.f_nscns);
+    for (i = 0; i < nsect; ++i) {
+	if (read(fd, &shdr, sizeof(shdr)) != sizeof(shdr))
+	    goto readerr;
+	if (strcmp(shdr.s_name, ".text") == 0) {
+	    put_16be(aout.o_snentry, i+1);
+	    put_16be(aout.o_sntext, i+1);
+	} else if (strcmp(shdr.s_name, ".data") == 0) {
+	    put_16be(aout.o_sndata, i+1);
+	} else if (strcmp(shdr.s_name, ".bss") == 0) {
+	    put_16be(aout.o_snbss, i+1);
+	}
+    }
+    put_16be(aout.magic, AOUT_MAGIC);
+    if (lseek(fd, (long) sizeof(struct external_filehdr), 0) == -1
+	|| write(fd, &aout, aoutsz) != aoutsz) {
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s: write error\n", av[1]);
+	exit(1);
+    }
+    close(fd);
+    exit(0);
+
+readerr:
+    fprintf(stderr, "%s: read error or file too short\n", av[1]);
+    exit(1);
+}
diff --git a/arch/ppc/boot/utils/mkbugboot.c b/arch/ppc/boot/utils/mkbugboot.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..886122283f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/ppc/boot/utils/mkbugboot.c
@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+/*
+ * arch/ppc/boot/utils/mkbugboot.c
+ *
+ * Makes a Motorola PPCBUG ROM bootable image which can be flashed
+ * into one of the FLASH banks on a Motorola PowerPlus board.
+ *
+ * Author: Matt Porter <mporter@mvista.com>
+ *
+ * 2001 (c) MontaVista, Software, Inc.  This file is licensed under
+ * the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2.  This program
+ * is licensed "as is" without any warranty of any kind, whether express
+ * or implied.
+ */
+
+#define ELF_HEADER_SIZE	65536
+
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#ifdef __sun__
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#else
+#include <stdint.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __i386__
+#define cpu_to_be32(x) le32_to_cpu(x)
+#define cpu_to_be16(x) le16_to_cpu(x)
+#else
+#define cpu_to_be32(x) (x)
+#define cpu_to_be16(x) (x)
+#endif
+
+#define cpu_to_le32(x) le32_to_cpu((x))
+unsigned long le32_to_cpu(unsigned long x)
+{
+     	return (((x & 0x000000ffU) << 24) |
+		((x & 0x0000ff00U) <<  8) |
+		((x & 0x00ff0000U) >>  8) |
+		((x & 0xff000000U) >> 24));
+}
+
+#define cpu_to_le16(x) le16_to_cpu((x))
+unsigned short le16_to_cpu(unsigned short x)
+{
+	return (((x & 0x00ff) << 8) |
+		((x & 0xff00) >> 8));
+}
+
+/* size of read buffer */
+#define SIZE 0x1000
+
+/* PPCBUG ROM boot header */
+typedef struct bug_boot_header {
+  uint8_t	magic_word[4];		/* "BOOT" */
+  uint32_t	entry_offset;		/* Offset from top of header to code */
+  uint32_t	routine_length;		/* Length of code */
+  uint8_t	routine_name[8];	/* Name of the boot code */
+} bug_boot_header_t;
+
+#define HEADER_SIZE	sizeof(bug_boot_header_t)
+
+uint32_t copy_image(int32_t in_fd, int32_t out_fd)
+{
+  uint8_t buf[SIZE];
+  int n;
+  uint32_t image_size = 0;
+  uint8_t zero = 0;
+
+  lseek(in_fd, ELF_HEADER_SIZE, SEEK_SET);
+
+  /* Copy an image while recording its size */
+  while ( (n = read(in_fd, buf, SIZE)) > 0 )
+    {
+    image_size = image_size + n;
+    write(out_fd, buf, n);
+    }
+
+  /* BUG romboot requires that our size is divisible by 2 */
+  /* align image to 2 byte boundary */
+  if (image_size % 2)
+    {
+    image_size++;
+    write(out_fd, &zero, 1);
+    }
+
+  return image_size;
+}
+
+void write_bugboot_header(int32_t out_fd, uint32_t boot_size)
+{
+  uint8_t header_block[HEADER_SIZE];
+  bug_boot_header_t *bbh = (bug_boot_header_t *)&header_block[0];
+
+  memset(header_block, 0, HEADER_SIZE);
+
+  /* Fill in the PPCBUG ROM boot header */
+  strncpy(bbh->magic_word, "BOOT", 4);		/* PPCBUG magic word */
+  bbh->entry_offset = cpu_to_be32(HEADER_SIZE);	/* Entry address */
+  bbh->routine_length= cpu_to_be32(HEADER_SIZE+boot_size+2);	/* Routine length */
+  strncpy(bbh->routine_name, "LINUXROM", 8);		/* Routine name   */
+
+  /* Output the header and bootloader to the file */
+  write(out_fd, header_block, HEADER_SIZE);
+}
+
+uint16_t calc_checksum(int32_t bug_fd)
+{
+  uint32_t checksum_var = 0;
+  uint8_t buf[2];
+  int n;
+
+  /* Checksum loop */
+  while ( (n = read(bug_fd, buf, 2) ) )
+  {
+    checksum_var = checksum_var + *(uint16_t *)buf;
+
+    /* If we carry out, mask it and add one to the checksum */
+    if (checksum_var >> 16)
+      checksum_var = (checksum_var & 0x0000ffff) + 1;
+  }
+
+  return checksum_var;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+  int32_t image_fd, bugboot_fd;
+  int argptr = 1;
+  uint32_t kernel_size = 0;
+  uint16_t checksum = 0;
+  uint8_t bugbootname[256];
+
+  if ( (argc != 3) )
+  {
+    fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s <kernel_image> <bugboot>\n",argv[0]);
+    exit(-1);
+  }
+
+  /* Get file args */
+
+  /* kernel image file */
+    if ((image_fd = open( argv[argptr] , 0)) < 0)
+      exit(-1);
+  argptr++;
+
+  /* bugboot file */
+  if ( !strcmp( argv[argptr], "-" ) )
+    bugboot_fd = 1;			/* stdout */
+  else
+    if ((bugboot_fd = creat( argv[argptr] , 0755)) < 0)
+      exit(-1);
+    else
+      strcpy(bugbootname, argv[argptr]);
+  argptr++;
+
+  /* Set file position after ROM header block where zImage will be written */
+  lseek(bugboot_fd, HEADER_SIZE, SEEK_SET);
+
+  /* Copy kernel image into bugboot image */
+  kernel_size = copy_image(image_fd, bugboot_fd);
+  close(image_fd);
+
+  /* Set file position to beginning where header/romboot will be written */
+  lseek(bugboot_fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
+
+  /* Write out BUG header/romboot */
+  write_bugboot_header(bugboot_fd, kernel_size);
+
+  /* Close bugboot file */
+  close(bugboot_fd);
+
+  /* Reopen it as read/write */
+  bugboot_fd = open(bugbootname, O_RDWR);
+
+  /* Calculate checksum */
+  checksum = calc_checksum(bugboot_fd);
+
+  /* Write out the calculated checksum */
+  write(bugboot_fd, &checksum, 2);
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/arch/ppc/boot/utils/mknote.c b/arch/ppc/boot/utils/mknote.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b9fbb2cbfc8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/ppc/boot/utils/mknote.c
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) Cort Dougan 1999.
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
+ * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
+ * 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * Generate a note section as per the CHRP specification.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#define PL(x) printf("%c%c%c%c", ((x)>>24)&0xff, ((x)>>16)&0xff, ((x)>>8)&0xff, (x)&0xff );
+
+int main(void)
+{
+/* header */
+	/* namesz */
+	PL(strlen("PowerPC")+1);
+	/* descrsz */
+	PL(6*4);
+	/* type */
+	PL(0x1275);
+	/* name */
+	printf("PowerPC"); printf("%c", 0);
+	
+/* descriptor */
+	/* real-mode */
+	PL(0xffffffff);
+	/* real-base */
+	PL(0x00c00000);
+	/* real-size */
+	PL(0xffffffff);
+	/* virt-base */
+	PL(0xffffffff);
+	/* virt-size */
+	PL(0xffffffff);
+	/* load-base */
+	PL(0x4000);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/arch/ppc/boot/utils/mkprep.c b/arch/ppc/boot/utils/mkprep.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f6d5a2f2fcf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/ppc/boot/utils/mkprep.c
@@ -0,0 +1,293 @@
+/*
+ * Makes a prep bootable image which can be dd'd onto
+ * a disk device to make a bootdisk.  Will take
+ * as input a elf executable, strip off the header
+ * and write out a boot image as:
+ * 1) default - strips elf header
+ *      suitable as a network boot image
+ * 2) -pbp - strips elf header and writes out prep boot partition image
+ *      cat or dd onto disk for booting
+ * 3) -asm - strips elf header and writes out as asm data
+ *      useful for generating data for a compressed image
+ *                  -- Cort
+ *
+ * Modified for x86 hosted builds by Matt Porter <porter@neta.com>
+ * Modified for Sparc hosted builds by Peter Wahl <PeterWahl@web.de>
+ */
+
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <strings.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#define cpu_to_le32(x) le32_to_cpu((x))
+unsigned long le32_to_cpu(unsigned long x)
+{
+     	return (((x & 0x000000ffU) << 24) |
+		((x & 0x0000ff00U) <<  8) |
+		((x & 0x00ff0000U) >>  8) |
+		((x & 0xff000000U) >> 24));
+}
+
+
+#define cpu_to_le16(x) le16_to_cpu((x))
+unsigned short le16_to_cpu(unsigned short x)
+{
+	return (((x & 0x00ff) << 8) |
+		((x & 0xff00) >> 8));
+}
+
+#define cpu_to_be32(x) (x)
+#define be32_to_cpu(x) (x)
+#define cpu_to_be16(x) (x)
+#define be16_to_cpu(x) (x)
+
+/* size of read buffer */
+#define SIZE 0x1000
+
+
+typedef unsigned long dword_t;
+typedef unsigned short word_t;
+typedef unsigned char byte_t;
+typedef byte_t block_t[512];
+typedef byte_t page_t[4096];
+
+
+/*
+ * Partition table entry
+ *  - from the PReP spec
+ */
+typedef struct partition_entry {
+  byte_t	boot_indicator;
+  byte_t	starting_head;
+  byte_t	starting_sector;
+  byte_t	starting_cylinder;
+
+  byte_t	system_indicator;
+  byte_t	ending_head;
+  byte_t	ending_sector;
+  byte_t	ending_cylinder;
+
+  dword_t	beginning_sector;
+  dword_t	number_of_sectors;
+} partition_entry_t;
+
+#define BootActive	0x80
+#define SystemPrep	0x41
+
+void copy_image(int , int);
+void write_prep_partition(int , int );
+void write_asm_data( int in, int out );
+
+unsigned int elfhdr_size = 65536;
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+  int in_fd, out_fd;
+  int argptr = 1;
+  unsigned int prep = 0;
+  unsigned int asmoutput = 0;
+
+  if ( (argc < 3) || (argc > 4) )
+  {
+    fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [-pbp] [-asm] <boot-file> <image>\n",argv[0]);
+    exit(-1);
+  }
+
+  /* needs to handle args more elegantly -- but this is a small/simple program */
+
+  /* check for -pbp */
+  if ( !strcmp( argv[argptr], "-pbp" ) )
+  {
+    prep = 1;
+    argptr++;
+  }
+
+  /* check for -asm */
+  if ( !strcmp( argv[argptr], "-asm" ) )
+  {
+    asmoutput = 1;
+    argptr++;
+  }
+
+  /* input file */
+  if ( !strcmp( argv[argptr], "-" ) )
+    in_fd = 0;			/* stdin */
+  else
+    if ((in_fd = open( argv[argptr] , 0)) < 0)
+      exit(-1);
+  argptr++;
+
+  /* output file */
+  if ( !strcmp( argv[argptr], "-" ) )
+    out_fd = 1;			/* stdout */
+  else
+    if ((out_fd = creat( argv[argptr] , 0755)) < 0)
+      exit(-1);
+  argptr++;
+
+  /* skip elf header in input file */
+  /*if ( !prep )*/
+  lseek(in_fd, elfhdr_size, SEEK_SET);
+
+  /* write prep partition if necessary */
+  if ( prep )
+	  write_prep_partition( in_fd, out_fd );
+
+  /* write input image to bootimage */
+  if ( asmoutput )
+	  write_asm_data( in_fd, out_fd );
+  else
+	  copy_image(in_fd, out_fd);
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+void write_prep_partition(int in, int out)
+{
+  unsigned char block[512];
+  partition_entry_t pe;
+  dword_t *entry  = (dword_t *)&block[0];
+  dword_t *length = (dword_t *)&block[sizeof(long)];
+  struct stat info;
+
+  if (fstat(in, &info) < 0)
+  {
+    fprintf(stderr,"info failed\n");
+    exit(-1);
+  }
+
+  bzero( block, sizeof block );
+
+  /* set entry point and boot image size skipping over elf header */
+#ifdef __i386__
+  *entry = 0x400/*+65536*/;
+  *length = info.st_size-elfhdr_size+0x400;
+#else
+  *entry = cpu_to_le32(0x400/*+65536*/);
+  *length = cpu_to_le32(info.st_size-elfhdr_size+0x400);
+#endif /* __i386__ */
+
+  /* sets magic number for msdos partition (used by linux) */
+  block[510] = 0x55;
+  block[511] = 0xAA;
+
+  /*
+   * Build a "PReP" partition table entry in the boot record
+   *  - "PReP" may only look at the system_indicator
+   */
+  pe.boot_indicator   = BootActive;
+  pe.system_indicator = SystemPrep;
+  /*
+   * The first block of the diskette is used by this "boot record" which
+   * actually contains the partition table. (The first block of the
+   * partition contains the boot image, but I digress...)  We'll set up
+   * one partition on the diskette and it shall contain the rest of the
+   * diskette.
+   */
+  pe.starting_head     = 0;	/* zero-based			     */
+  pe.starting_sector   = 2;	/* one-based			     */
+  pe.starting_cylinder = 0;	/* zero-based			     */
+  pe.ending_head       = 1;	/* assumes two heads		     */
+  pe.ending_sector     = 18;	/* assumes 18 sectors/track	     */
+  pe.ending_cylinder   = 79;	/* assumes 80 cylinders/diskette     */
+
+  /*
+   * The "PReP" software ignores the above fields and just looks at
+   * the next two.
+   *   - size of the diskette is (assumed to be)
+   *     (2 tracks/cylinder)(18 sectors/tracks)(80 cylinders/diskette)
+   *   - unlike the above sector numbers, the beginning sector is zero-based!
+   */
+#if 0
+  pe.beginning_sector  = cpu_to_le32(1);
+#else
+  /* This has to be 0 on the PowerStack? */
+#ifdef __i386__
+  pe.beginning_sector  = 0;
+#else
+  pe.beginning_sector  = cpu_to_le32(0);
+#endif /* __i386__ */
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __i386__
+  pe.number_of_sectors = 2*18*80-1;
+#else
+  pe.number_of_sectors = cpu_to_le32(2*18*80-1);
+#endif /* __i386__ */
+
+  memcpy(&block[0x1BE], &pe, sizeof(pe));
+
+  write( out, block, sizeof(block) );
+  write( out, entry, sizeof(*entry) );
+  write( out, length, sizeof(*length) );
+  /* set file position to 2nd sector where image will be written */
+  lseek( out, 0x400, SEEK_SET );
+}
+
+
+
+void
+copy_image(int in, int out)
+{
+  char buf[SIZE];
+  int n;
+
+  while ( (n = read(in, buf, SIZE)) > 0 )
+    write(out, buf, n);
+}
+
+
+void
+write_asm_data( int in, int out )
+{
+  int i, cnt, pos, len;
+  unsigned int cksum, val;
+  unsigned char *lp;
+  unsigned char buf[SIZE];
+  unsigned char str[256];
+
+  write( out, "\t.data\n\t.globl input_data\ninput_data:\n",
+	 strlen( "\t.data\n\t.globl input_data\ninput_data:\n" ) );
+  pos = 0;
+  cksum = 0;
+  while ((len = read(in, buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0)
+  {
+    cnt = 0;
+    lp = (unsigned char *)buf;
+    len = (len + 3) & ~3;  /* Round up to longwords */
+    for (i = 0;  i < len;  i += 4)
+    {
+      if (cnt == 0)
+      {
+	write( out, "\t.long\t", strlen( "\t.long\t" ) );
+      }
+      sprintf( str, "0x%02X%02X%02X%02X", lp[0], lp[1], lp[2], lp[3]);
+      write( out, str, strlen(str) );
+      val = *(unsigned long *)lp;
+      cksum ^= val;
+      lp += 4;
+      if (++cnt == 4)
+      {
+	cnt = 0;
+	sprintf( str, " # %x \n", pos+i-12);
+	write( out, str, strlen(str) );
+      } else
+      {
+	write( out, ",", 1 );
+      }
+    }
+    if (cnt)
+    {
+      write( out, "0\n", 2 );
+    }
+    pos += len;
+  }
+  sprintf(str, "\t.globl input_len\ninput_len:\t.long\t0x%x\n", pos);
+  write( out, str, strlen(str) );
+
+  fprintf(stderr, "cksum = %x\n", cksum);
+}
diff --git a/arch/ppc/boot/utils/mktree.c b/arch/ppc/boot/utils/mktree.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2be22e28f2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/ppc/boot/utils/mktree.c
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+/*
+ * Makes a tree bootable image for IBM Evaluation boards.
+ * Basically, just take a zImage, skip the ELF header, and stuff
+ * a 32 byte header on the front.
+ *
+ * We use htonl, which is a network macro, to make sure we're doing
+ * The Right Thing on an LE machine.  It's non-obvious, but it should
+ * work on anything BSD'ish.
+ */
+
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <netinet/in.h>
+#ifdef __sun__
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#else
+#include <stdint.h>
+#endif
+
+/* This gets tacked on the front of the image.  There are also a few
+ * bytes allocated after the _start label used by the boot rom (see
+ * head.S for details).
+ */
+typedef struct boot_block {
+	uint32_t bb_magic;		/* 0x0052504F */
+	uint32_t bb_dest;		/* Target address of the image */
+	uint32_t bb_num_512blocks;	/* Size, rounded-up, in 512 byte blks */
+	uint32_t bb_debug_flag;	/* Run debugger or image after load */
+	uint32_t bb_entry_point;	/* The image address to start */
+	uint32_t bb_checksum;	/* 32 bit checksum including header */
+	uint32_t reserved[2];
+} boot_block_t;
+
+#define IMGBLK	512
+char	tmpbuf[IMGBLK];
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	int	in_fd, out_fd;
+	int	nblks, i;
+	uint	cksum, *cp;
+	struct	stat	st;
+	boot_block_t	bt;
+
+	if (argc < 3) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s <zImage-file> <boot-image> [entry-point]\n",argv[0]);
+		exit(1);
+	}
+
+	if (stat(argv[1], &st) < 0) {
+		perror("stat");
+		exit(2);
+	}
+
+	nblks = (st.st_size + IMGBLK) / IMGBLK;
+
+	bt.bb_magic = htonl(0x0052504F);
+
+	/* If we have the optional entry point parameter, use it */
+	if (argc == 4)
+		bt.bb_dest = bt.bb_entry_point = htonl(strtoul(argv[3], NULL, 0));
+	else
+		bt.bb_dest = bt.bb_entry_point = htonl(0x500000);
+
+	/* We know these from the linker command.
+	 * ...and then move it up into memory a little more so the
+	 * relocation can happen.
+	 */
+	bt.bb_num_512blocks = htonl(nblks);
+	bt.bb_debug_flag = 0;
+
+	bt.bb_checksum = 0;
+
+	/* To be neat and tidy :-).
+	*/
+	bt.reserved[0] = 0;
+	bt.reserved[1] = 0;
+
+	if ((in_fd = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
+		perror("zImage open");
+		exit(3);
+	}
+
+	if ((out_fd = open(argv[2], (O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC), 0666)) < 0) {
+		perror("bootfile open");
+		exit(3);
+	}
+
+	cksum = 0;
+	cp = (void *)&bt;
+	for (i=0; i<sizeof(bt)/sizeof(uint); i++)
+		cksum += *cp++;
+	
+	/* Assume zImage is an ELF file, and skip the 64K header.
+	*/
+	if (read(in_fd, tmpbuf, IMGBLK) != IMGBLK) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s is too small to be an ELF image\n",
+				argv[1]);
+		exit(4);
+	}
+
+	if ((*(uint *)tmpbuf) != htonl(0x7f454c46)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s is not an ELF image\n", argv[1]);
+		exit(4);
+	}
+
+	if (lseek(in_fd, (64 * 1024), SEEK_SET) < 0) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s failed to seek in ELF image\n", argv[1]);
+		exit(4);
+	}
+
+	nblks -= (64 * 1024) / IMGBLK;
+
+	/* And away we go......
+	*/
+	if (write(out_fd, &bt, sizeof(bt)) != sizeof(bt)) {
+		perror("boot-image write");
+		exit(5);
+	}
+
+	while (nblks-- > 0) {
+		if (read(in_fd, tmpbuf, IMGBLK) < 0) {
+			perror("zImage read");
+			exit(5);
+		}
+		cp = (uint *)tmpbuf;
+		for (i=0; i<sizeof(tmpbuf)/sizeof(uint); i++)
+			cksum += *cp++;
+		if (write(out_fd, tmpbuf, sizeof(tmpbuf)) != sizeof(tmpbuf)) {
+			perror("boot-image write");
+			exit(5);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* rewrite the header with the computed checksum.
+	*/
+	bt.bb_checksum = htonl(cksum);
+	if (lseek(out_fd, 0, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
+		perror("rewrite seek");
+		exit(1);
+	}
+	if (write(out_fd, &bt, sizeof(bt)) != sizeof(bt)) {
+		perror("boot-image rewrite");
+		exit(1);
+	}
+
+	exit(0);
+}