diff options
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/sound/alsa/ALSA-Configuration.txt | 3 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/sound/alsa/Audiophile-Usb.txt | 330 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | sound/usb/usbaudio.c | 52 |
3 files changed, 384 insertions, 1 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/sound/alsa/ALSA-Configuration.txt b/Documentation/sound/alsa/ALSA-Configuration.txt index 1065beed8d7..f947c4b04ab 100644 --- a/Documentation/sound/alsa/ALSA-Configuration.txt +++ b/Documentation/sound/alsa/ALSA-Configuration.txt @@ -1411,6 +1411,9 @@ Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed. vid - Vendor ID for the device (optional) pid - Product ID for the device (optional) + device_setup - Device specific magic number (optional) + - Influence depends on the device + - Default: 0x0000 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging. diff --git a/Documentation/sound/alsa/Audiophile-Usb.txt b/Documentation/sound/alsa/Audiophile-Usb.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3ba45adbf04 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/sound/alsa/Audiophile-Usb.txt @@ -0,0 +1,330 @@ + Guide to using M-Audio Audiophile USB with ALSA and Jack v1.1 + ======================================================== + + Thibault Le Meur <Thibault.LeMeur@supelec.fr> + +This document is a guide to using the M-Audio Audiophile USB (tm) device with +ALSA and JACK. + +1 - Audiophile USB Specs and correct usage +========================================== +This part is a reminder of important facts about the functions and limitations +of the device. + +The device has 4 audio interfaces, and 2 MIDI ports: + * Analog Stereo Input (Ai) + * Analog Stereo Output (Ao) + * Digital Stereo Input (Di) + * Digital Stereo Output (Do) + * Midi In (Mi) + * Midi Out (Mo) + +The internal DAC/ADC has the following caracteristics: +* sample depth of 16 or 24 bits +* sample rate from 8kHz to 96kHz +* Two ports can't use different sample depths at the same time.Moreover, the +Audiophile USB documentation gives the following Warning: "Please exit any +audio application running before switching between bit depths" + +Due to the USB 1.1 bandwidth limitation, a limited number of interfaces can be +activated at the same time depending on the audio mode selected: + * 16-bit/48kHz ==> 4 channels in/ 4 channels out + - Ai+Ao+Di+Do + * 24-bit/48kHz ==> 4 channels in/2 channels out, + or 2 channels in/4 channels out + - Ai+Ao+Do or Ai+Di+Ao or Ai+Di+Do or Di+Ao+Do + * 24-bit/96kHz ==> 2 channels in, or 2 channels out (half duplex only) + - Ai or Ao or Di or Do + +Important facts about the Digital interface: +-------------------------------------------- + * The Do port additionnaly supports surround-encoded AC-3 and DTS passthrough, +though I haven't tested it under linux + - Note that in this setup only the Do interface can be enabled + * Apart from recording an audio digital stream, enabling the Di port is a way +to syncrhonize the device to an external sample clock + - As a consequence, the Di port must be enable only if an active Digital +source is connected + - Enabling Di when no digital source is connected can result in a +synchronization error (for instance sound played at an odd sample rate) + + +2 - Audiophile USB support in ALSA +================================== + +2.1 - MIDI ports +---------------- +The Audiophile USB MIDI ports will be automatically supported once the +following modules have been loaded: + * snd-usb-audio + * snd-seq + * snd-seq-midi + +No additionnal setting is required. + +2.2 - Audio ports +----------------- + +Audio functions of the Audiophile USB device are handled by the snd-usb-audio +module. This module can work in a default mode (without any device-specific +parameter), or in an advanced mode with the device-specific parameter called +"device_setup". + +2.2.1 - Default Alsa driver mode + +The default behaviour of the snd-usb-audio driver is to parse the device +capabilities at startup and enable all functions inside the device (including +all ports at any sample rates and any sample depths supported). This approach +has the advantage to let the driver easily switch from sample rates/depths +automatically according to the need of the application claiming the device. + +In this case the Audiophile ports are mapped to alsa pcm devices in the +following way (I suppose the device's index is 1): + * hw:1,0 is Ao in playback and Di in capture + * hw:1,1 is Do in playback and Ai in capture + * hw:1,2 is Do in AC3/DTS passthrough mode + +You must note as well that the device uses Big Endian byte encoding so that +supported audio format are S16_BE for 16-bit depth modes and S24_3BE for +24-bits depth mode. One exception is the hw:1,2 port which is Little Endian +compliant and thus uses S16_LE. + +Examples: + * playing a S24_3BE encoded raw file to the Ao port + % aplay -D hw:1,0 -c2 -t raw -r48000 -fS24_3BE test.raw + * recording a S24_3BE encoded raw file from the Ai port + % arecord -D hw:1,1 -c2 -t raw -r48000 -fS24_3BE test.raw + * playing a S16_BE encoded raw file to the Do port + % aplay -D hw:1,1 -c2 -t raw -r48000 -fS16_BE test.raw + +If you're happy with the default Alsa driver setup and don't experience any +issue with this mode, then you can skip the following chapter. + +2.2.2 - Advanced module setup + +Due to the hardware constraints described above, the device initialization made +by the Alsa driver in default mode may result in a corrupted state of the +device. For instance, a particularly annoying issue is that the sound captured +from the Ai port sounds distorted (as if boosted with an excessive high volume +gain). + +For people having this problem, the snd-usb-audio module has a new module +parameter called "device_setup". + +2.2.2.1 - Initializing the working mode of the Audiohile USB + +As far as the Audiohile USB device is concerned, this value let the user +specify: + * the sample depth + * the sample rate + * whether the Di port is used or not + +Here is a list of supported device_setup values for this device: + * device_setup=0x00 (or omitted) + - Alsa driver default mode + - maintains backward compatibility with setups that do not use this + parameter by not introducing any change + - results sometimes in corrupted sound as decribed earlier + * device_setup=0x01 + - 16bits 48kHz mode with Di disabled + - Ai,Ao,Do can be used at the same time + - hw:1,0 is not available in capture mode + - hw:1,2 is not available + * device_setup=0x11 + - 16bits 48kHz mode with Di enabled + - Ai,Ao,Di,Do can be used at the same time + - hw:1,0 is available in capture mode + - hw:1,2 is not available + * device_setup=0x09 + - 24bits 48kHz mode with Di disabled + - Ai,Ao,Do can be used at the same time + - hw:1,0 is not available in capture mode + - hw:1,2 is not available + * device_setup=0x19 + - 24bits 48kHz mode with Di enabled + - 3 ports from {Ai,Ao,Di,Do} can be used at the same time + - hw:1,0 is available in capture mode and an active digital source must be + connected to Di + - hw:1,2 is not available + * device_setup=0x0D or 0x10 + - 24bits 96kHz mode + - Di is enabled by default for this mode but does not need to be connected + to an active source + - Only 1 port from {Ai,Ao,Di,Do} can be used at the same time + - hw:1,0 is available in captured mode + - hw:1,2 is not available + * device_setup=0x03 + - 16bits 48kHz mode with only the Do port enabled + - AC3 with DTS passthru (not tested) + - Caution with this setup the Do port is mapped to the pcm device hw:1,0 + +2.2.2.2 - Setting and switching configurations with the device_setup parameter + +The parameter can be given: + * By manually probing the device (as root): + # modprobe -r snd-usb-audio + # modprobe snd-usb-audio index=1 device_setup=0x09 + * Or while configuring the modules options in your modules configuration file + - For Fedora distributions, edit the /etc/modprobe.conf file: + alias snd-card-1 snd-usb-audio + options snd-usb-audio index=1 device_setup=0x09 + +IMPORTANT NOTE WHEN SWITCHING CONFIGURATION: +------------------------------------------- + * You may need to _first_ intialize the module with the correct device_setup + parameter and _only_after_ turn on the Audiophile USB device + * This is especially true when switching the sample depth: + - first trun off the device + - de-register the snd-usb-audio module + - change the device_setup parameter (by either manually reprobing the module + or changing modprobe.conf) + - turn on the device + +2.2.2.3 - Setting and switching configurations with the device_setup parameter + +If you want to understand the device_setup magic numbers for the Audiophile +USB, you need some very basic understanding of binary computation. However, +this is not required to use the parameter and you may skip thi section. + +The device_setup is one byte long and its structure is the following: + + +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ + | b7| b6| b5| b4| b3| b2| b1| b0| + +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ + | 0 | 0 | 0 | Di|24B|96K|DTS|SET| + +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ + +Where: + * b0 is the "SET" bit + - it MUST be set if device_setup is initialized + * b1 is the "DTS" bit + - it is set only for Digital output with DTS/AC3 + - this setup is not tested + * b2 is the Rate selection flag + - When set to "1" the rate range is 48.1-96kHz + - Otherwise the sample rate range is 8-48kHz + * b3 is the bit depth selection flag + - When set to "1" samples are 24bits long + - Otherwise they are 16bits long + - Note that b2 implies b3 as the 96kHz mode is only supported for 24 bits + samples + * b4 is the Digital input flag + - When set to "1" the device assumes that an active digital source is + connected + - You shouldn't enable Di if no source is seen on the port (this leads to + synchronization issues) + - b4 is implied by b2 (since only one port is enabled at a time no synch + error can occur) + * b5 to b7 are reserved for future uses, and must be set to "0" + - might become Ao, Do, Ai, for b7, b6, b4 respectively + +Caution: + * there is no check on the value you will give to device_setup + - for instance choosing 0x05 (16bits 96kHz) will fail back to 0x09 since + b2 implies b3. But _there_will_be_no_warning_ in /var/log/messages + * Hardware constraints due to the USB bus limitation aren't checked + - choosing b2 will prepare all interfaces for 24bits/96kHz but you'll + only be able to use one at the same time + +2.2.3 - Technical Details for Audiophile Usb + +You may safely skip this section if you're not interrested in driver +development. + +This section describes some internals aspect of the device and summarize the +data I got by usb-snooping the windows and linux drivers. + +The M-Audio Audiophile USB has 7 Usb Interfaces: +a "USB interface": + * Usb Interface nb.0 + * Usb Interface nb.1 + - Audio Control function + * Usb Interface nb.2 + - Analog Output + * Usb Interface nb.3 + - Digital Output + * Usb Interface nb.4 + - Analog Input + * Usb Interface nb.5 + - Digital Input + * Usb Interface nb.6 + - MIDI interface compliant with the MIDIMAN quirk + +Each interface has 5 altsettings (AltSet 1,2,3,4,5) except: + * Interface 3 (Digital Out) has an extra Alset nb.6 + * Interface 5 (Digital In) does not have Alset nb.3 and 5 + +Here is a short description of the AltSettings capabilities: + * AltSettings 1 corresponds to + - 24-bit depth, 48.1-96kHz sample mode + - Adaptive playback (Ao and Do), Synch capture (Ai), or Asynch capture (Di) + * AltSettings 2 corresponds to + - 24-bit depth, 8-48kHz sample mode + - Asynch capture and playback (Ao,Ai,Do,Di) + * AltSettings 3 corresponds to + - 24-bit depth, 8-48kHz sample mode + - Synch capture (Ai) and Adaptive playback (Ao,Do) + * AltSettings 4 corresponds to + - 16-bit depth, 8-48kHz sample mode + - Asynch capture and playback (Ao,Ai,Do,Di) + * AltSettings 5 corresponds to + - 16-bit depth, 8-48kHz sample mode + - Synch capture (Ai) and Adaptive playback (Ao,Do) + * AltSettings 6 corresponds to + - 16-bit depth, 8-48kHz sample mode + - Synch playback (Do), audio format type III IEC1937_AC-3 + +In order to ensure a correct intialization of the device, the driver +_must_know_ how the device will be used: + * if DTS is choosen, only Interface 2 with AltSet nb.6 must be + registered + * if 96KHz only AltSets nb.1 of each interface must be selected + * if samples are using 24bits/48KHz then AltSet 2 must me used if + Digital input is connected, and only AltSet nb.3 if Digital input + is not connected + * if samples are using 16bits/48KHz then AltSet 4 must me used if + Digital input is connected, and only AltSet nb.5 if Digital input + is not connected + +When device_setup is given as a parameter to the snd-usb-audio module, the +parse_audio_enpoint function uses a quirk called +"audiophile_skip_setting_quirk" in order to prevent AltSettings not +corresponding to device_setup from being registered in the driver. + +3 - Audiophile USB and Jack support +=================================== + +This section deals with support of the Audiophile USB device in Jack. +The main issue regarding this support is that the device is Big Endian +compliant. + +3.1 - Using the plug alsa plugin +-------------------------------- + +Jack doesn't directly support big endian devices. Thus, one way to have support +for this device with Alsa is to use the Alsa "plug" converter. + +For instance here is one way to run Jack with 2 playback channels on Ao and 2 +capture channels from Ai: + % jackd -R -dalsa -dplughw:1 -r48000 -p256 -n2 -D -Cplughw:1,1 + + +However you may see the following warning message: +"You appear to be using the ALSA software "plug" layer, probably a result of +using the "default" ALSA device. This is less efficient than it could be. +Consider using a hardware device instead rather than using the plug layer." + + +3.2 - Patching alsa to use direct pcm device +------------------------------------------- +A patch for Jack by Andreas Steinmetz adds support for Big Endian devices. +However it has not been included in the CVS tree. + +You can find it at the following URL: +http://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=1289682&group_id=39687& +atid=425939 + +After having applied the patch you can run jackd with the following command +line: +# /usr/local/bin/jackd -R -dalsa -Phw:1,0 -r48000 -p128 -n2 -D -Chw:1,1 + diff --git a/sound/usb/usbaudio.c b/sound/usb/usbaudio.c index 6fad2c40c77..4e614ac39f2 100644 --- a/sound/usb/usbaudio.c +++ b/sound/usb/usbaudio.c @@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ static int vid[SNDRV_CARDS] = { [0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS-1)] = -1 }; /* Vendor ID for static int pid[SNDRV_CARDS] = { [0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS-1)] = -1 }; /* Product ID for this card */ static int nrpacks = 4; /* max. number of packets per urb */ static int async_unlink = 1; +static int device_setup[SNDRV_CARDS]; /* device parameter for this card*/ module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444); MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for the USB audio adapter."); @@ -85,6 +86,8 @@ module_param(nrpacks, int, 0644); MODULE_PARM_DESC(nrpacks, "Max. number of packets per URB."); module_param(async_unlink, bool, 0444); MODULE_PARM_DESC(async_unlink, "Use async unlink mode."); +module_param_array(device_setup, int, NULL, 0444); +MODULE_PARM_DESC(device_setup, "Specific device setup (if needed)."); /* @@ -2547,6 +2550,8 @@ static int parse_audio_format(struct snd_usb_audio *chip, struct audioformat *fp return 0; } +static int audiophile_skip_setting_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip, + int iface, int altno); static int parse_audio_endpoints(struct snd_usb_audio *chip, int iface_no) { struct usb_device *dev; @@ -2581,6 +2586,12 @@ static int parse_audio_endpoints(struct snd_usb_audio *chip, int iface_no) stream = (get_endpoint(alts, 0)->bEndpointAddress & USB_DIR_IN) ? SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE : SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK; altno = altsd->bAlternateSetting; + + /* audiophile usb: skip altsets incompatible with device_setup + */ + if (chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2003) && + audiophile_skip_setting_quirk(chip, iface_no, altno)) + continue; /* get audio formats */ fmt = snd_usb_find_csint_desc(alts->extra, alts->extralen, NULL, AS_GENERAL); @@ -2675,7 +2686,7 @@ static int parse_audio_endpoints(struct snd_usb_audio *chip, int iface_no) continue; } - snd_printdd(KERN_INFO "%d:%u:%d: add audio endpoint 0x%x\n", dev->devnum, iface_no, i, fp->endpoint); + snd_printdd(KERN_INFO "%d:%u:%d: add audio endpoint 0x%x\n", dev->devnum, iface_no, altno, fp->endpoint); err = add_audio_endpoint(chip, stream, fp); if (err < 0) { kfree(fp->rate_table); @@ -3083,6 +3094,45 @@ static int snd_usb_audigy2nx_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev) return 0; } +/* + * Setup quirks + */ +#define AUDIOPHILE_SET 0x01 /* if set, parse device_setup */ +#define AUDIOPHILE_SET_DTS 0x02 /* if set, enable DTS Digital Output */ +#define AUDIOPHILE_SET_96K 0x04 /* 48-96KHz rate if set, 8-48KHz otherwise */ +#define AUDIOPHILE_SET_24B 0x08 /* 24bits sample if set, 16bits otherwise */ +#define AUDIOPHILE_SET_DI 0x10 /* if set, enable Digital Input */ +#define AUDIOPHILE_SET_MASK 0x1F /* bit mask for setup value */ +#define AUDIOPHILE_SET_24B_48K_DI 0x19 /* value for 24bits+48KHz+Digital Input */ +#define AUDIOPHILE_SET_24B_48K_NOTDI 0x09 /* value for 24bits+48KHz+No Digital Input */ +#define AUDIOPHILE_SET_16B_48K_DI 0x11 /* value for 16bits+48KHz+Digital Input */ +#define AUDIOPHILE_SET_16B_48K_NOTDI 0x01 /* value for 16bits+48KHz+No Digital Input */ + +static int audiophile_skip_setting_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip, + int iface, int altno) +{ + if (device_setup[chip->index] & AUDIOPHILE_SET) { + if ((device_setup[chip->index] & AUDIOPHILE_SET_DTS) + && altno != 6) + return 1; /* skip this altsetting */ + if ((device_setup[chip->index] & AUDIOPHILE_SET_96K) + && altno != 1) + return 1; /* skip this altsetting */ + if ((device_setup[chip->index] & AUDIOPHILE_SET_MASK) == + AUDIOPHILE_SET_24B_48K_DI && altno != 2) + return 1; /* skip this altsetting */ + if ((device_setup[chip->index] & AUDIOPHILE_SET_MASK) == + AUDIOPHILE_SET_24B_48K_NOTDI && altno != 3) + return 1; /* skip this altsetting */ + if ((device_setup[chip->index] & AUDIOPHILE_SET_MASK) == + AUDIOPHILE_SET_16B_48K_DI && altno != 4) + return 1; /* skip this altsetting */ + if ((device_setup[chip->index] & AUDIOPHILE_SET_MASK) == + AUDIOPHILE_SET_16B_48K_NOTDI && altno != 5) + return 1; /* skip this altsetting */ + } + return 0; /* keep this altsetting */ +} /* * audio-interface quirks |