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2010-04-23Documentation/: it's -> its where appropriateFrancis Galiegue
Fix obvious cases of "it's" being used when "its" was meant. Signed-off-by: Francis Galiegue <fgaliegue@gmail.com> Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net> Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
2010-03-15Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt typo fix.Rob Landley
Typo fix for a filename in procfs documentation. Signed-off-by: Rob Landley <rob@landley.net> Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
2010-03-08Merge branch 'for-next' into for-linusJiri Kosina
Conflicts: Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt arch/arm/mach-u300/include/mach/debug-macro.S drivers/net/qlge/qlge_ethtool.c drivers/net/qlge/qlge_main.c drivers/net/typhoon.c
2010-03-06mm: document /proc/pagetypeinfoMel Gorman
Add documentation for /proc/pagetypeinfo. Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Reviewed-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2010-03-06mm: count swap usageKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki
A frequent questions from users about memory management is what numbers of swap ents are user for processes. And this information will give some hints to oom-killer. Besides we can count the number of swapents per a process by scanning /proc/<pid>/smaps, this is very slow and not good for usual process information handler which works like 'ps' or 'top'. (ps or top is now enough slow..) This patch adds a counter of swapents to mm_counter and update is at each swap events. Information is exported via /proc/<pid>/status file as [kamezawa@bluextal memory]$ cat /proc/self/status Name: cat State: R (running) Tgid: 2910 Pid: 2910 PPid: 2823 TracerPid: 0 Uid: 500 500 500 500 Gid: 500 500 500 500 FDSize: 256 Groups: 500 VmPeak: 82696 kB VmSize: 82696 kB VmLck: 0 kB VmHWM: 432 kB VmRSS: 432 kB VmData: 172 kB VmStk: 84 kB VmExe: 48 kB VmLib: 1568 kB VmPTE: 40 kB VmSwap: 0 kB <=============== this. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes] Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2010-03-06mm: avoid false sharing of mm_counterKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki
Considering the nature of per mm stats, it's the shared object among threads and can be a cache-miss point in the page fault path. This patch adds per-thread cache for mm_counter. RSS value will be counted into a struct in task_struct and synchronized with mm's one at events. Now, in this patch, the event is the number of calls to handle_mm_fault. Per-thread value is added to mm at each 64 calls. rough estimation with small benchmark on parallel thread (2threads) shows [before] 4.5 cache-miss/faults [after] 4.0 cache-miss/faults Anyway, the most contended object is mmap_sem if the number of threads grows. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes] Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2010-02-18doc: typo - Table 1-2 should refer to "status", not "statm"Mulyadi Santosa
Fixes a typo in proc.txt documentation. Table 1-2 should refer to "status", not "statm" Signed-off-by: Mulyadi Santosa <mulyadi.santosa@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
2010-01-11proc: partially revert "procfs: provide stack information for threads"KOSAKI Motohiro
Commit d899bf7b (procfs: provide stack information for threads) introduced to show stack information in /proc/{pid}/status. But it cause large performance regression. Unfortunately /proc/{pid}/status is used ps command too and ps is one of most important component. Because both to take mmap_sem and page table walk are heavily operation. If many process run, the ps performance is, [before d899bf7b] % perf stat ps >/dev/null Performance counter stats for 'ps': 4090.435806 task-clock-msecs # 0.032 CPUs 229 context-switches # 0.000 M/sec 0 CPU-migrations # 0.000 M/sec 234 page-faults # 0.000 M/sec 8587565207 cycles # 2099.425 M/sec 9866662403 instructions # 1.149 IPC 3789415411 cache-references # 926.409 M/sec 30419509 cache-misses # 7.437 M/sec 128.859521955 seconds time elapsed [after d899bf7b] % perf stat ps > /dev/null Performance counter stats for 'ps': 4305.081146 task-clock-msecs # 0.028 CPUs 480 context-switches # 0.000 M/sec 2 CPU-migrations # 0.000 M/sec 237 page-faults # 0.000 M/sec 9021211334 cycles # 2095.480 M/sec 10605887536 instructions # 1.176 IPC 3612650999 cache-references # 839.160 M/sec 23917502 cache-misses # 5.556 M/sec 152.277819582 seconds time elapsed Thus, this patch revert it. Fortunately /proc/{pid}/task/{tid}/smaps provide almost same information. we can use it. Commit d899bf7b introduced two features: 1) Add the annotattion of [thread stack: xxxx] mark to /proc/{pid}/task/{tid}/maps. 2) Add StackUsage field to /proc/{pid}/status. I only revert (2), because I haven't seen (1) cause regression. Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Stefani Seibold <stefani@seibold.net> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com> Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2009-12-15procfs: allow threads to rename siblings via /proc/pid/tasks/tid/commjohn stultz
Setting a thread's comm to be something unique is a very useful ability and is helpful for debugging complicated threaded applications. However currently the only way to set a thread name is for the thread to name itself via the PR_SET_NAME prctl. However, there may be situations where it would be advantageous for a thread dispatcher to be naming the threads its managing, rather then having the threads self-describe themselves. This sort of behavior is available on other systems via the pthread_setname_np() interface. This patch exports a task's comm via proc/pid/comm and proc/pid/task/tid/comm interfaces, and allows thread siblings to write to these values. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: cleanups] Signed-off-by: John Stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org> Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org> Cc: Mike Fulton <fultonm@ca.ibm.com> Cc: Sean Foley <Sean_Foley@ca.ibm.com> Cc: Darren Hart <dvhltc@us.ibm.com> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2009-12-09Doc: better explanation of procs_runningLuis Garces-Erice
the description in Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt of the procs_running entry in /proc/stat is confusing (according to that description, it looks as if procs_running could only be a number between 0 and the number of CPUs). Changed it to a more accurate description in the patch attached. Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2009-10-25sched, cpuacct: Fix niced guest time accountingRyota Ozaki
CPU time of a guest is always accounted in 'user' time without concern for the nice value of its counterpart process although the guest is scheduled under the nice value. This patch fixes the defect and accounts cpu time of a niced guest in 'nice' time as same as a niced process. And also the patch adds 'guest_nice' to cpuacct. The value provides niced guest cpu time which is like 'nice' to 'user'. The original discussions can be found here: http://www.mail-archive.com/kvm@vger.kernel.org/msg23982.html http://www.mail-archive.com/kvm@vger.kernel.org/msg23860.html Signed-off-by: Ryota Ozaki <ozaki.ryota@gmail.com> Acked-by: Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> LKML-Reference: <1256314810-7897-1-git-send-email-ozaki.ryota@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2009-09-30ext4: Use tracepoints for mb_history trace fileTheodore Ts'o
The /proc/fs/ext4/<dev>/mb_history was maintained manually, and had a number of problems: it required a largish amount of memory to be allocated for each ext4 filesystem, and the s_mb_history_lock introduced a CPU contention problem. By ripping out the mb_history code and replacing it with ftrace tracepoints, and we get more functionality: timestamps, event filtering, the ability to correlate mballoc history with other ext4 tracepoints, etc. Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
2009-09-23procfs: provide stack information for threadsStefani Seibold
A patch to give a better overview of the userland application stack usage, especially for embedded linux. Currently you are only able to dump the main process/thread stack usage which is showed in /proc/pid/status by the "VmStk" Value. But you get no information about the consumed stack memory of the the threads. There is an enhancement in the /proc/<pid>/{task/*,}/*maps and which marks the vm mapping where the thread stack pointer reside with "[thread stack xxxxxxxx]". xxxxxxxx is the maximum size of stack. This is a value information, because libpthread doesn't set the start of the stack to the top of the mapped area, depending of the pthread usage. A sample output of /proc/<pid>/task/<tid>/maps looks like: 08048000-08049000 r-xp 00000000 03:00 8312 /opt/z 08049000-0804a000 rw-p 00001000 03:00 8312 /opt/z 0804a000-0806b000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 [heap] a7d12000-a7d13000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 a7d13000-a7f13000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 [thread stack: 001ff4b4] a7f13000-a7f14000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 a7f14000-a7f36000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 a7f36000-a8069000 r-xp 00000000 03:00 4222 /lib/libc.so.6 a8069000-a806b000 r--p 00133000 03:00 4222 /lib/libc.so.6 a806b000-a806c000 rw-p 00135000 03:00 4222 /lib/libc.so.6 a806c000-a806f000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 a806f000-a8083000 r-xp 00000000 03:00 14462 /lib/libpthread.so.0 a8083000-a8084000 r--p 00013000 03:00 14462 /lib/libpthread.so.0 a8084000-a8085000 rw-p 00014000 03:00 14462 /lib/libpthread.so.0 a8085000-a8088000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 a8088000-a80a4000 r-xp 00000000 03:00 8317 /lib/ld-linux.so.2 a80a4000-a80a5000 r--p 0001b000 03:00 8317 /lib/ld-linux.so.2 a80a5000-a80a6000 rw-p 0001c000 03:00 8317 /lib/ld-linux.so.2 afaf5000-afb0a000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 [stack] ffffe000-fffff000 r-xp 00000000 00:00 0 [vdso] Also there is a new entry "stack usage" in /proc/<pid>/{task/*,}/status which will you give the current stack usage in kb. A sample output of /proc/self/status looks like: Name: cat State: R (running) Tgid: 507 Pid: 507 . . . CapBnd: fffffffffffffeff voluntary_ctxt_switches: 0 nonvoluntary_ctxt_switches: 0 Stack usage: 12 kB I also fixed stack base address in /proc/<pid>/{task/*,}/stat to the base address of the associated thread stack and not the one of the main process. This makes more sense. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fs/proc/array.c now needs walk_page_range()] Signed-off-by: Stefani Seibold <stefani@seibold.net> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com> Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2009-09-22oom: make oom_score to per-process valueKOSAKI Motohiro
oom-killer kills a process, not task. Then oom_score should be calculated as per-process too. it makes consistency more and makes speed up select_bad_process(). Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2009-09-22pagemap clear_refs: modify to specify anon or mapped vma clearingMoussa A. Ba
The patch makes the clear_refs more versatile in adding the option to select anonymous pages or file backed pages for clearing. This addition has a measurable impact on user space application performance as it decreases the number of pagewalks in scenarios where one is only interested in a specific type of page (anonymous or file mapped). The patch adds anonymous and file backed filters to the clear_refs interface. echo 1 > /proc/PID/clear_refs resets the bits on all pages echo 2 > /proc/PID/clear_refs resets the bits on anonymous pages only echo 3 > /proc/PID/clear_refs resets the bits on file backed pages only Any other value is ignored Signed-off-by: Moussa A. Ba <moussa.a.ba@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Jared E. Hulbert <jaredeh@gmail.com> Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2009-09-22proc: document `guest' column in /proc/statEric Dumazet
We added a new column in cpuX lines of /proc/stat, to show the amount of time spent by a cpu servicing a guest, without updating Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2009-08-18mm: revert "oom: move oom_adj value"KOSAKI Motohiro
The commit 2ff05b2b (oom: move oom_adj value) moveed the oom_adj value to the mm_struct. It was a very good first step for sanitize OOM. However Paul Menage reported the commit makes regression to his job scheduler. Current OOM logic can kill OOM_DISABLED process. Why? His program has the code of similar to the following. ... set_oom_adj(OOM_DISABLE); /* The job scheduler never killed by oom */ ... if (vfork() == 0) { set_oom_adj(0); /* Invoked child can be killed */ execve("foo-bar-cmd"); } .... vfork() parent and child are shared the same mm_struct. then above set_oom_adj(0) doesn't only change oom_adj for vfork() child, it's also change oom_adj for vfork() parent. Then, vfork() parent (job scheduler) lost OOM immune and it was killed. Actually, fork-setting-exec idiom is very frequently used in userland program. We must not break this assumption. Then, this patch revert commit 2ff05b2b and related commit. Reverted commit list --------------------- - commit 2ff05b2b4e (oom: move oom_adj value from task_struct to mm_struct) - commit 4d8b9135c3 (oom: avoid unnecessary mm locking and scanning for OOM_DISABLE) - commit 8123681022 (oom: only oom kill exiting tasks with attached memory) - commit 933b787b57 (mm: copy over oom_adj value at fork time) Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2009-06-18proc.txt: update kernel filesystem/proc.txt documentationStefani Seibold
An update for the "Process-Specific Subdirectories" section to reflect the changes till kernel 2.6.30. Signed-off-by: Stefani Seibold <stefani@seibold.net> Cc: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2009-06-18proc: export statistics for softirq to /procKeika Kobayashi
Export statistics for softirq in /proc/softirqs and /proc/stat. 1. /proc/softirqs Implement /proc/softirqs which shows the number of softirq for each CPU like /proc/interrupts. 2. /proc/stat Add the "softirq" line to /proc/stat. This line shows the number of softirq for all cpu. The first column is the total of all softirqs and each subsequent column is the total for particular softirq. [kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: remove redundant for_each_possible_cpu() loop] Signed-off-by: Keika Kobayashi <kobayashi.kk@ncos.nec.co.jp> Reviewed-by: Hiroshi Shimamoto <h-shimamoto@ct.jp.nec.com> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Eric Dumazet <dada1@cosmosbay.com> Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2009-06-16oom: move oom_adj value from task_struct to mm_structDavid Rientjes
The per-task oom_adj value is a characteristic of its mm more than the task itself since it's not possible to oom kill any thread that shares the mm. If a task were to be killed while attached to an mm that could not be freed because another thread were set to OOM_DISABLE, it would have needlessly been terminated since there is no potential for future memory freeing. This patch moves oomkilladj (now more appropriately named oom_adj) from struct task_struct to struct mm_struct. This requires task_lock() on a task to check its oom_adj value to protect against exec, but it's already necessary to take the lock when dereferencing the mm to find the total VM size for the badness heuristic. This fixes a livelock if the oom killer chooses a task and another thread sharing the same memory has an oom_adj value of OOM_DISABLE. This occurs because oom_kill_task() repeatedly returns 1 and refuses to kill the chosen task while select_bad_process() will repeatedly choose the same task during the next retry. Taking task_lock() in select_bad_process() to check for OOM_DISABLE and in oom_kill_task() to check for threads sharing the same memory will be removed in the next patch in this series where it will no longer be necessary. Writing to /proc/pid/oom_adj for a kthread will now return -EINVAL since these threads are immune from oom killing already. They simply report an oom_adj value of OOM_DISABLE. Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2009-06-12trivial: Miscellaneous documentation typo fixesMatt LaPlante
Fix various typos in documentation txts. Signed-off-by: Matt LaPlante <kernel1@cyberdogtech.com> Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
2009-04-02documentation: update Documentation/filesystem/proc.txt and ↵Shen Feng
Documentation/sysctls Now /proc/sys is described in many places and much information is redundant. This patch updates the proc.txt and move the /proc/sys desciption out to the files in Documentation/sysctls. Details are: merge - 2.1 /proc/sys/fs - File system data - 2.11 /proc/sys/fs/mqueue - POSIX message queues filesystem - 2.17 /proc/sys/fs/epoll - Configuration options for the epoll interface with Documentation/sysctls/fs.txt. remove - 2.2 /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc - Miscellaneous binary formats since it's not better then the Documentation/binfmt_misc.txt. merge - 2.3 /proc/sys/kernel - general kernel parameters with Documentation/sysctls/kernel.txt remove - 2.5 /proc/sys/dev - Device specific parameters since it's obsolete the sysfs is used now. remove - 2.6 /proc/sys/sunrpc - Remote procedure calls since it's not better then the Documentation/sysctls/sunrpc.txt move - 2.7 /proc/sys/net - Networking stuff - 2.9 Appletalk - 2.10 IPX to newly created Documentation/sysctls/net.txt. remove - 2.8 /proc/sys/net/ipv4 - IPV4 settings since it's not better then the Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt. add - Chapter 3 Per-Process Parameters to descibe /proc/<pid>/xxx parameters. Signed-off-by: Shen Feng <shen@cn.fujitsu.com> Cc: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2009-03-31ext4: remove /proc tuning knobsTheodore Ts'o
Remove tuning knobs in /proc/fs/ext4/<dev/* since they have been replaced by knobs in sysfs at /sys/fs/ext4/<dev>/*. Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
2009-03-18net: Document /proc/sys/net/core/netdev_budgetStanislaw Gruszka
The NAPI poll parameter netdev_budget is not documented in kernel-docs. Since it may have a substantial effect on at least some network loads, it should be. Signed-off-by: Stanislaw Gruszka <sgruszka@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2009-01-29mm: OOM documentation updateEvgeniy Polyakov
Signed-off-by: Evgeniy Polyakov <zbr@ioremap.net> Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2009-01-15Update of Documentation: vm.txt and proc.txtPeter W Morreale
Update Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt and Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt. More specifically, the section on /proc/sys/vm in Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt was removed and a link to Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt added. Most of the verbiage from proc.txt was simply moved in vm.txt, with new addtional text for "swappiness" and "stat_interval". Signed-off-by: Peter W Morreale <pmorreale@novell.com> Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2009-01-07Merge branch 'proc-linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/adobriyan/proc * 'proc-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/adobriyan/proc: proc: remove write-only variable in proc_pident_lookup() proc: fix sparse warning proc: add /proc/*/stack proc: remove '##' usage proc: remove useless WARN_ONs proc: stop using BKL
2009-01-06mm: add dirty_background_bytes and dirty_bytes sysctlsDavid Rientjes
This change introduces two new sysctls to /proc/sys/vm: dirty_background_bytes and dirty_bytes. dirty_background_bytes is the counterpart to dirty_background_ratio and dirty_bytes is the counterpart to dirty_ratio. With growing memory capacities of individual machines, it's no longer sufficient to specify dirty thresholds as a percentage of the amount of dirtyable memory over the entire system. dirty_background_bytes and dirty_bytes specify quantities of memory, in bytes, that represent the dirty limits for the entire system. If either of these values is set, its value represents the amount of dirty memory that is needed to commence either background or direct writeback. When a `bytes' or `ratio' file is written, its counterpart becomes a function of the written value. For example, if dirty_bytes is written to be 8096, 8K of memory is required to commence direct writeback. dirty_ratio is then functionally equivalent to 8K / the amount of dirtyable memory: dirtyable_memory = free pages + mapped pages + file cache dirty_background_bytes = dirty_background_ratio * dirtyable_memory -or- dirty_background_ratio = dirty_background_bytes / dirtyable_memory AND dirty_bytes = dirty_ratio * dirtyable_memory -or- dirty_ratio = dirty_bytes / dirtyable_memory Only one of dirty_background_bytes and dirty_background_ratio may be specified at a time, and only one of dirty_bytes and dirty_ratio may be specified. When one sysctl is written, the other appears as 0 when read. The `bytes' files operate on a page size granularity since dirty limits are compared with ZVC values, which are in page units. Prior to this change, the minimum dirty_ratio was 5 as implemented by get_dirty_limits() although /proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio would show any user written value between 0 and 100. This restriction is maintained, but dirty_bytes has a lower limit of only one page. Also prior to this change, the dirty_background_ratio could not equal or exceed dirty_ratio. This restriction is maintained in addition to restricting dirty_background_bytes. If either background threshold equals or exceeds that of the dirty threshold, it is implicitly set to half the dirty threshold. Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Andrea Righi <righi.andrea@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2009-01-05proc: add /proc/*/stackKen Chen
/proc/*/stack adds the ability to query a task's stack trace. It is more useful than /proc/*/wchan as it provides full stack trace instead of single depth. Example output: $ cat /proc/self/stack [<c010a271>] save_stack_trace_tsk+0x17/0x35 [<c01827b4>] proc_pid_stack+0x4a/0x76 [<c018312d>] proc_single_show+0x4a/0x5e [<c016bdec>] seq_read+0xf3/0x29f [<c015a004>] vfs_read+0x6d/0x91 [<c015a0c1>] sys_read+0x3b/0x60 [<c0102eda>] syscall_call+0x7/0xb [<ffffffff>] 0xffffffff [add save_stack_trace_tsk() on mips, ACK Ralf --adobriyan] Signed-off-by: Ken Chen <kenchen@google.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
2008-12-23Merge branches 'x86/apic', 'x86/cleanups', 'x86/cpufeature', ↵Ingo Molnar
'x86/crashdump', 'x86/debug', 'x86/defconfig', 'x86/detect-hyper', 'x86/doc', 'x86/dumpstack', 'x86/early-printk', 'x86/fpu', 'x86/idle', 'x86/io', 'x86/memory-corruption-check', 'x86/microcode', 'x86/mm', 'x86/mtrr', 'x86/nmi-watchdog', 'x86/pat2', 'x86/pci-ioapic-boot-irq-quirks', 'x86/ptrace', 'x86/quirks', 'x86/reboot', 'x86/setup-memory', 'x86/signal', 'x86/sparse-fixes', 'x86/time', 'x86/uv' and 'x86/xen' into x86/core
2008-12-01epoll: introduce resource usage limitsDavide Libenzi
It has been thought that the per-user file descriptors limit would also limit the resources that a normal user can request via the epoll interface. Vegard Nossum reported a very simple program (a modified version attached) that can make a normal user to request a pretty large amount of kernel memory, well within the its maximum number of fds. To solve such problem, default limits are now imposed, and /proc based configuration has been introduced. A new directory has been created, named /proc/sys/fs/epoll/ and inside there, there are two configuration points: max_user_instances = Maximum number of devices - per user max_user_watches = Maximum number of "watched" fds - per user The current default for "max_user_watches" limits the memory used by epoll to store "watches", to 1/32 of the amount of the low RAM. As example, a 256MB 32bit machine, will have "max_user_watches" set to roughly 90000. That should be enough to not break existing heavy epoll users. The default value for "max_user_instances" is set to 128, that should be enough too. This also changes the userspace, because a new error code can now come out from EPOLL_CTL_ADD (-ENOSPC). The EMFILE from epoll_create() was already listed, so that should be ok. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: use get_current_user()] Signed-off-by: Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org> Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com> Cc: <stable@kernel.org> Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@gmail.com> Reported-by: Vegard Nossum <vegardno@ifi.uio.no> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2008-10-30x86, nmi-watchdog: update procfs nmi_watchdog file documentation v2Aristeu Rozanski
Impact: improve documentation This patch updates the /proc/sys/kernel/nmi_watchdog documentation. Updated: included Randy Dunlap's corrections. Signed-off-by: Aristeu Rozanski <aris@redhat.com> Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2008-10-20documentation: clarify dirty_ratio and dirty_background_ratio descriptionAndrea Righi
The current documentation of dirty_ratio and dirty_background_ratio is a bit misleading. In the documentation we say that they are "a percentage of total system memory", but the current page writeback policy, intead, is to apply the percentages to the dirtyable memory, that means free pages + reclaimable pages. Better to be more explicit to clarify this concept. Signed-off-by: Andrea Righi <righi.andrea@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2008-10-20coredump_filter: add hugepage dumpingKOSAKI Motohiro
Presently hugepage's vma has a VM_RESERVED flag in order not to be swapped. But a VM_RESERVED vma isn't core dumped because this flag is often used for some kernel vmas (e.g. vmalloc, sound related). Thus hugepages are never dumped and it can't be debugged easily. Many developers want hugepages to be included into core-dump. However, We can't read generic VM_RESERVED area because this area is often IO mapping area. then these area reading may change device state. it is definitly undesiable side-effect. So adding a hugepage specific bit to the coredump filter is better. It will be able to hugepage core dumping and doesn't cause any side-effect to any i/o devices. In additional, libhugetlb use hugetlb private mapping pages as anonymous page. Then, hugepage private mapping pages should be core dumped by default. Then, /proc/[pid]/core_dump_filter has two new bits. - bit 5 mean hugetlb private mapping pages are dumped or not. (default: yes) - bit 6 mean hugetlb shared mapping pages are dumped or not. (default: no) I tested by following method. % ulimit -c unlimited % ./crash_hugepage 50 % ./crash_hugepage 50 -p % ls -lh % gdb ./crash_hugepage core % % echo 0x43 > /proc/self/coredump_filter % ./crash_hugepage 50 % ./crash_hugepage 50 -p % ls -lh % gdb ./crash_hugepage core #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/mman.h> #include <string.h> #include "hugetlbfs.h" int main(int argc, char** argv){ char* p; int ch; int mmap_flags = MAP_SHARED; int fd; int nr_pages; while((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "p")) != -1) { switch (ch) { case 'p': mmap_flags &= ~MAP_SHARED; mmap_flags |= MAP_PRIVATE; break; default: /* nothing*/ break; } } argc -= optind; argv += optind; if (argc == 0){ printf("need # of pages\n"); exit(1); } nr_pages = atoi(argv[0]); if (nr_pages < 2) { printf("nr_pages must >2\n"); exit(1); } fd = hugetlbfs_unlinked_fd(); p = mmap(NULL, nr_pages * gethugepagesize(), PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, mmap_flags, fd, 0); sleep(2); *(p + gethugepagesize()) = 1; /* COW */ sleep(2); /* crash! */ *(int*)0 = 1; return 0; } Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Reviewed-by: Kawai Hidehiro <hidehiro.kawai.ez@hitachi.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Cc: William Irwin <wli@holomorphy.com> Cc: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2008-10-16Document panic_on_unrecovered_nmi sysctlBernhard Walle
This adds "panic_on_unrecovered_nmi" sysctl to Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt. The text is mainly taken from http://readlist.com/lists/vger.kernel.org/linux-kernel/43/217998.html. Signed-off-by: Bernhard Walle <bwalle@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2008-10-13Merge branch 'proc' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/adobriyan/proc * 'proc' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/adobriyan/proc: proc: remove kernel.maps_protect proc: remove now unneeded ADDBUF macro [PATCH] proc: show personality via /proc/pid/personality [PATCH] signal, procfs: some lock_task_sighand() users do not need rcu_read_lock() proc: move PROC_PAGE_MONITOR to fs/proc/Kconfig proc: make grab_header() static proc: remove unused get_dma_list() proc: remove dummy vmcore_open() proc: proc_sys_root tweak proc: fix return value of proc_reg_open() in "too late" case Fixed up trivial conflict in removed file arch/sparc/include/asm/dma_32.h
2008-10-10proc: remove kernel.maps_protectAlexey Dobriyan
After commit 831830b5a2b5d413407adf380ef62fe17d6fcbf2 aka "restrict reading from /proc/<pid>/maps to those who share ->mm or can ptrace" sysctl stopped being relevant because commit moved security checks from ->show time to ->start time (mm_for_maps()). Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com> Acked-by: Kees Cook <kees.cook@canonical.com>
2008-10-09ext4: Use readahead when reading an inode from the inode tableTheodore Ts'o
With modern hard drives, reading 64k takes roughly the same time as reading a 4k block. So request readahead for adjacent inode table blocks to reduce the time it takes when iterating over directories (especially when doing this in htree sort order) in a cold cache case. With this patch, the time it takes to run "git status" on a kernel tree after flushing the caches via "echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches" is reduced by 21%. Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
2008-10-09ext4: Improve the documentation for ext4's /proc tunablesTheodore Ts'o
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu> Cc: Alex Tomas <bzzz@sun.com> Cc: Andreas Dilger <adilger@sun.com>
2008-09-13coredump_filter: add description of bit 4Hidehiro Kawai
There is no description of bit 4 of coredump_filter in the documentation. This patch adds it. Signed-off-by: Hidehiro Kawai <hidehiro.kawai.ez@hitachi.com> Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Acked-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2008-09-02ipc: document the new auto_msgmni proc fileNadia Derbey
Update Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt: it describes the file auto_msgmni intoduced to enable/disable msgmni automatic recomputing upon memory add/remove (see thread http://lkml.org/lkml/2008/7/4/27). Also added a description for msgmni (this filex is only listed in Documentation/sysctl/kernel.txt). Signed-off-by: Nadia Derbey <Nadia.Derbey@bull.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2008-07-26Documentation cleanup: trivial misspelling, punctuation, and grammar ↵Matt LaPlante
corrections. Cc: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2008-07-24vmallocinfo: add NUMA informationEric Dumazet
Christoph recently added /proc/vmallocinfo file to get information about vmalloc allocations. This patch adds NUMA specific information, giving number of pages allocated on each memory node. This should help to check that vmalloc() is able to respect NUMA policies. Example of output on a four nodes machine (one cpu per node) 1) network hash tables are evenly spreaded on four nodes (OK) (Same point for inodes and dentries hash tables) 2) iptables tables (x_tables) are correctly allocated on each cpu node (OK). 3) sys_swapon() allocates its memory from one node only. 4) each loaded module is using memory on one node. Sysadmins could tune their setup to change points 3) and 4) if necessary. grep "pages=" /proc/vmallocinfo 0xffffc20000000000-0xffffc20000201000 2101248 alloc_large_system_hash+0x204/0x2c0 pages=512 vmalloc N0=128 N1=128 N2=128 N3=128 0xffffc20000201000-0xffffc20000302000 1052672 alloc_large_system_hash+0x204/0x2c0 pages=256 vmalloc N0=64 N1=64 N2=64 N3=64 0xffffc2000031a000-0xffffc2000031d000 12288 alloc_large_system_hash+0x204/0x2c0 pages=2 vmalloc N1=1 N2=1 0xffffc2000031f000-0xffffc2000032b000 49152 cramfs_uncompress_init+0x2e/0x80 pages=11 vmalloc N0=3 N1=3 N2=2 N3=3 0xffffc2000033e000-0xffffc20000341000 12288 sys_swapon+0x640/0xac0 pages=2 vmalloc N0=2 0xffffc20000341000-0xffffc20000344000 12288 xt_alloc_table_info+0xfe/0x130 [x_tables] pages=2 vmalloc N0=2 0xffffc20000344000-0xffffc20000347000 12288 xt_alloc_table_info+0xfe/0x130 [x_tables] pages=2 vmalloc N1=2 0xffffc20000347000-0xffffc2000034a000 12288 xt_alloc_table_info+0xfe/0x130 [x_tables] pages=2 vmalloc N2=2 0xffffc2000034a000-0xffffc2000034d000 12288 xt_alloc_table_info+0xfe/0x130 [x_tables] pages=2 vmalloc N3=2 0xffffc20004381000-0xffffc20004402000 528384 alloc_large_system_hash+0x204/0x2c0 pages=128 vmalloc N0=32 N1=32 N2=32 N3=32 0xffffc20004402000-0xffffc20004803000 4198400 alloc_large_system_hash+0x204/0x2c0 pages=1024 vmalloc vpages N0=256 N1=256 N2=256 N3=256 0xffffc20004803000-0xffffc20004904000 1052672 alloc_large_system_hash+0x204/0x2c0 pages=256 vmalloc N0=64 N1=64 N2=64 N3=64 0xffffc20004904000-0xffffc20004bec000 3047424 sys_swapon+0x640/0xac0 pages=743 vmalloc vpages N0=743 0xffffffffa0000000-0xffffffffa000f000 61440 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=14 vmalloc N1=14 0xffffffffa000f000-0xffffffffa0014000 20480 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=4 vmalloc N0=4 0xffffffffa0014000-0xffffffffa0017000 12288 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=2 vmalloc N0=2 0xffffffffa0017000-0xffffffffa0022000 45056 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=10 vmalloc N1=10 0xffffffffa0022000-0xffffffffa0028000 24576 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=5 vmalloc N3=5 0xffffffffa0028000-0xffffffffa0050000 163840 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=39 vmalloc N1=39 0xffffffffa0050000-0xffffffffa0052000 8192 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=1 vmalloc N1=1 0xffffffffa0052000-0xffffffffa0056000 16384 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=3 vmalloc N1=3 0xffffffffa0056000-0xffffffffa0081000 176128 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=42 vmalloc N3=42 0xffffffffa0081000-0xffffffffa00ae000 184320 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=44 vmalloc N3=44 0xffffffffa00ae000-0xffffffffa00b1000 12288 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=2 vmalloc N3=2 0xffffffffa00b1000-0xffffffffa00b9000 32768 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=7 vmalloc N0=7 0xffffffffa00b9000-0xffffffffa00c4000 45056 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=10 vmalloc N3=10 0xffffffffa00c6000-0xffffffffa00e0000 106496 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=25 vmalloc N2=25 0xffffffffa00e0000-0xffffffffa00f1000 69632 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=16 vmalloc N2=16 0xffffffffa00f1000-0xffffffffa00f4000 12288 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=2 vmalloc N3=2 0xffffffffa00f4000-0xffffffffa00f7000 12288 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=2 vmalloc N3=2 [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix comment] Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <dada1@cosmosbay.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2008-06-05genirq: Expose default irq affinity mask (take 3)Max Krasnyansky
Current IRQ affinity interface does not provide a way to set affinity for the IRQs that will be allocated/activated in the future. This patch creates /proc/irq/default_smp_affinity that lets users set default affinity mask for the newly allocated IRQs. Changing the default does not affect affinity masks for the currently active IRQs, they have to be changed explicitly. Updated based on Paul J's comments and added some more documentation. Signed-off-by: Max Krasnyansky <maxk@qualcomm.com> Cc: pj@sgi.com Cc: a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl Cc: tglx@linutronix.de Cc: rdunlap@xenotime.net Cc: mingo@elte.hu Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2008-04-30mm: document missing fields for /proc/meminfoMiklos Szeredi
A few fields in /proc/meminfo were not documented. Fix. Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2008-04-23[patch 7/7] vfs: mountinfo: show dominating group idMiklos Szeredi
Show peer group ID of nearest dominating group that has intersection with the mount's namespace. Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2008-04-23[patch 6/7] vfs: mountinfo: add /proc/<pid>/mountinfoRam Pai
[mszeredi@suse.cz] rewrite and split big patch into managable chunks /proc/mounts in its current form lacks important information: - propagation state - root of mount for bind mounts - the st_dev value used within the filesystem - identifier for each mount and it's parent It also suffers from the following problems: - not easily extendable - ambiguity of mountpoints within a chrooted environment - doesn't distinguish between filesystem dependent and independent options - doesn't distinguish between per mount and per super block options This patch introduces /proc/<pid>/mountinfo which attempts to address all these deficiencies. Code shared between /proc/<pid>/mounts and /proc/<pid>/mountinfo is extracted into separate functions. Thanks to Al Viro for the help in getting the design right. Signed-off-by: Ram Pai <linuxram@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2008-03-12laptops: move laptop-mode.txt to Documentation/laptops/Randy Dunlap
Move laptop-mode.txt into the laptops/ sub-directory to consolidate laptop doc files there. Update references to the file's location. Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
2008-02-06get rid of NR_OPEN and introduce a sysctl_nr_openEric Dumazet
NR_OPEN (historically set to 1024*1024) actually forbids processes to open more than 1024*1024 handles. Unfortunatly some production servers hit the not so 'ridiculously high value' of 1024*1024 file descriptors per process. Changing NR_OPEN is not considered safe because of vmalloc space potential exhaust. This patch introduces a new sysctl (/proc/sys/fs/nr_open) wich defaults to 1024*1024, so that admins can decide to change this limit if their workload needs it. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: export it for sparc64] Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <dada1@cosmosbay.com> Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk> Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net> Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru> Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2008-02-05Document lowmem_reserve_ratioYasunori Goto
Though the lower_zone_protection was changed to lowmem_reserve_ratio, the document has been not changed. The lowmem_reserve_ratio seems quite hard to estimate, but there is no guidance. This patch is to change document for it. Signed-off-by: Yasunori Goto <y-goto@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@cpushare.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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