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Normally the RT bandwidth scheme will share bandwidth across the
entire root_domain. However sometimes its convenient to disable this
sharing for debug purposes. Provide a simple feature switch to this
end.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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The default rt-throttling is a source of never ending questions. Warn
once when we go into throttling so folks have that info in dmesg.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.LFD.2.02.1110051331480.18778@ionos
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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Currently every sched_class::set_cpus_allowed() implementation has to
copy the cpumask into task_struct::cpus_allowed, this is pointless,
put this copy in the generic code.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-jhl5s9fckd9ptw1fzbqqlrd3@git.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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This task is preparatory for the migrate_disable() implementation, but
stands on its own and provides a cleanup.
It currently only converts those sites required for task-placement.
Kosaki-san once mentioned replacing cpus_allowed with a proper
cpumask_t instead of the NR_CPUS sized array it currently is, that
would also require something like this.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-e42skvaddos99psip0vce41o@git.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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Merge reason: pick up the latest fixes.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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Commit 43fa5460fe60dea5c610490a1d263415419c60f6 ("sched: Try not to
migrate higher priority RT tasks") also introduced a change in behavior
which keeps RT tasks on the same CPU if there is an equal priority RT
task currently running even if there are empty CPUs available.
This can cause unnecessary wakeup latencies, and can prevent the
scheduler from balancing all RT tasks across available CPUs.
This change causes an RT task to search for a new CPU if an equal
priority RT task is already running on wakeup. Lower priority tasks
will still have to wait on higher priority tasks, but the system should
still balance out because there is always the possibility that if there
are both a high and low priority RT tasks on a given CPU that the high
priority task could wakeup while the low priority task is running and
force it to search for a better runqueue.
Signed-off-by: Shawn Bohrer <sbohrer@rgmadvisors.com>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Tested-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: stable@kernel.org # 37+
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1315837684-18733-1-git-send-email-sbohrer@rgmadvisors.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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Introduce hierarchical task accounting for the group scheduling case in CFS, as
well as promoting the responsibility for maintaining rq->nr_running to the
scheduling classes.
The primary motivation for this is that with scheduling classes supporting
bandwidth throttling it is possible for entities participating in throttled
sub-trees to not have root visible changes in rq->nr_running across activate
and de-activate operations. This in turn leads to incorrect idle and
weight-per-task load balance decisions.
This also allows us to make a small fixlet to the fastpath in pick_next_task()
under group scheduling.
Note: this issue also exists with the existing sched_rt throttling mechanism.
This patch does not address that.
Signed-off-by: Paul Turner <pjt@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Hidetoshi Seto <seto.hidetoshi@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20110721184756.878333391@google.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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Hillf Danton proposed a patch (see link) that cleaned up the
sched_rt code that calculates the priority of the next highest priority
task to be used in finding run queues to pull from.
His patch removed the calculating of the next prio to just use the current
prio when deteriming if we should examine a run queue to pull from. The problem
with his patch was that it caused more false checks. Because we check a run
queue for pushable tasks if the current priority of that run queue is higher
in priority than the task about to run on our run queue. But after grabbing
the locks and doing the real check, we find that there may not be a task
that has a higher prio task to pull. Thus the locks were taken with nothing to
do.
I added some trace_printks() to record when and how many times the run queue
locks were taken to check for pullable tasks, compared to how many times we
pulled a task.
With the current method, it was:
3806 locks taken vs 2812 pulled tasks
With Hillf's patch:
6728 locks taken vs 2804 pulled tasks
The number of times locks were taken to pull a task went up almost double with
no more success rate.
But his patch did get me thinking. When we look at the priority of the highest
task to consider taking the locks to do a pull, a failure to pull can be one
of the following: (in order of most likely)
o RT task was pushed off already between the check and taking the lock
o Waiting RT task can not be migrated
o RT task's CPU affinity does not include the target run queue's CPU
o RT task's priority changed between the check and taking the lock
And with Hillf's patch, the thing that caused most of the failures, is
the RT task to pull was not at the right priority to pull (not greater than
the current RT task priority on the target run queue).
Most of the above cases we can't help. But the current method does not check
if the next highest prio RT task can be migrated or not, and if it can not,
we still grab the locks to do the test (we don't find out about this fact until
after we have the locks). I thought about this case, and realized that the
pushable task plist that is maintained only holds RT tasks that can migrate.
If we move the calculating of the next highest prio task from the inc/dec_rt_task()
functions into the queuing of the pushable tasks, then we only measure the
priorities of those tasks that we push, and we get this basically for free.
Not only does this patch make the code a little more efficient, it cleans it
up and makes it a little simpler.
Thanks to Hillf Danton for inspiring me on this patch.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Gregory Haskins <ghaskins@novell.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/BANLkTimQ67180HxCx5vgMqumqw1EkFh3qg@mail.gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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When a new task is woken, the code to balance the RT task is currently
skipped in the select_task_rq() call. But it will be pushed if the rq
is currently overloaded with RT tasks anyway. The issue is that we
already queued the task, and if it does get pushed, it will have to
be dequeued and requeued on the new run queue. The advantage with
pushing it first is that we avoid this requeuing as we are pushing it
off before the task is ever queued.
See commit 318e0893ce3f524 ("sched: pre-route RT tasks on wakeup")
for more details.
The return of select_task_rq() when it is not a wake up has also been
changed to return task_cpu() instead of smp_processor_id(). This is more
of a sanity because the current only other user of select_task_rq()
besides wake ups, is an exec, where task_cpu() should also be the same
as smp_processor_id(). But if it is used for other purposes, lets keep
the task on the same CPU. Why would we mant to migrate it to the current
CPU?
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20110617015919.832743148@goodmis.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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There's no reason to clean the exec_start in put_prev_task_rt() as it is reset
when the task gets back to the run queue. This saves us doing a store() in the
fast path.
Signed-off-by: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Yong Zhang <yong.zhang0@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/BANLkTimqWD=q6YnSDi-v9y=LMWecgEzEWg@mail.gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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Do not call dequeue_pushable_task() when failing to push an eligible
task, as it remains pushable, merely not at this particular moment.
Signed-off-by: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Mike Galbraith <mgalbraith@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Yong Zhang <yong.zhang0@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1306895385.4791.26.camel@marge.simson.net
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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When computing the next priority for a given run-queue, the check for
RT priority of the task determined by the pick_next_highest_task_rt()
function could be removed, since only RT tasks are returned by the
function.
Reviewed-by: Yong Zhang <yong.zhang0@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/BANLkTimxmWiof9s5AvS3v_0X+sMiE=0x5g@mail.gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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Since commit ec514c48 ("sched: Fix rt_rq runtime leakage bug")
'cat /proc/sched_debug' will print data of root_task_group.rt_rq
multiple times.
This is because autogroup does not have its own rt group, instead
rt group of autogroup is linked to root_task_group.
So skip it when we are looking for all rt sched groups, and it
will also save some noop operation against root_task_group when
__disable_runtime()/__enable_runtime().
-v2: Based on Cheng Xu's idea which uses less code.
Signed-off-by: Yong Zhang <yong.zhang0@gmail.com>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Cheng Xu <chengxu@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/BANLkTi=87P3RoTF_UEtamNfc_XGxQXE__Q@mail.gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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Merge reason: Move to a (much) newer base.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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On system boot up, the lowest_mask is initialized with an
early_initcall(). But RT tasks may wake up on other
early_initcall() callers before the lowest_mask is initialized,
causing a system crash.
Commit "d72bce0e67 rcu: Cure load woes" was the first commit
to wake up RT tasks in early init. Before this commit this bug
should not happen.
Reported-by: Andrew Theurer <habanero@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Andrew Theurer <habanero@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20110614223657.824872966@goodmis.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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The RT preempt check tests the wrong task if NEED_RESCHED is
set. It currently checks the local CPU task. It is supposed to
check the task that is running on the runqueue we are about to
wake another task on.
Signed-off-by: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Yong Zhang <yong.zhang0@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20110614223657.450239027@goodmis.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-2.6-trace into sched/urgent
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sched_domain iterations needs to be protected by rcu_read_lock() now,
this patch adds another two places which needs the rcu lock, which is
spotted by following suspicious rcu_dereference_check() usage warnings.
kernel/sched_rt.c:1244 invoked rcu_dereference_check() without protection!
kernel/sched_stats.h:41 invoked rcu_dereference_check() without protection!
Signed-off-by: Xiaotian Feng <dfeng@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1303469634-11678-1-git-send-email-dfeng@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip
* 'sched-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip: (60 commits)
sched: Fix and optimise calculation of the weight-inverse
sched: Avoid going ahead if ->cpus_allowed is not changed
sched, rt: Update rq clock when unthrottling of an otherwise idle CPU
sched: Remove unused parameters from sched_fork() and wake_up_new_task()
sched: Shorten the construction of the span cpu mask of sched domain
sched: Wrap the 'cfs_rq->nr_spread_over' field with CONFIG_SCHED_DEBUG
sched: Remove unused 'this_best_prio arg' from balance_tasks()
sched: Remove noop in alloc_rt_sched_group()
sched: Get rid of lock_depth
sched: Remove obsolete comment from scheduler_tick()
sched: Fix sched_domain iterations vs. RCU
sched: Next buddy hint on sleep and preempt path
sched: Make set_*_buddy() work on non-task entities
sched: Remove need_migrate_task()
sched: Move the second half of ttwu() to the remote cpu
sched: Restructure ttwu() some more
sched: Rename ttwu_post_activation() to ttwu_do_wakeup()
sched: Remove rq argument from ttwu_stat()
sched: Remove rq->lock from the first half of ttwu()
sched: Drop rq->lock from sched_exec()
...
* 'sched-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
sched: Fix rt_rq runtime leakage bug
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If an RT task is awakened while it's rt_rq is throttled, the time between
wakeup/enqueue and unthrottle/selection may be accounted as rt_time
if the CPU is idle. Set rq->skip_clock_update negative upon throttle
release to tell put_prev_task() that we need a clock update.
Reported-by: Thomas Giesel <skoe@directbox.com>
Signed-off-by: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1304059010.7472.1.camel@marge.simson.net
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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This patch is to fix the real-time scheduler bug reported at:
https://lkml.org/lkml/2011/4/26/13
That is, when running multiple real-time threads on every logical CPUs
and then turning off one CPU, the kernel will bug at function
__disable_runtime().
Function __disable_runtime() bugs and reports leakage of rt_rq runtime.
The root cause is __disable_runtime() assumes it iterates through all
the existing rt_rq's while walking rq->leaf_rt_rq_list, which actually
contains only runnable rt_rq's. This problem also applies to
__enable_runtime() and print_rt_stats().
The patch is based on above analysis, appears to fix the problem, but is
only lightly tested.
Reported-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Cheng Xu <chengxu@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/4DCE1F12.6040609@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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In preparation of calling select_task_rq() without rq->lock held, drop
the dependency on the rq argument.
Reviewed-by: Frank Rowand <frank.rowand@am.sony.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20110405152729.031077745@chello.nl
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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Provide a generic p->on_rq because the p->se.on_rq semantics are
unfavourable for lockless wakeups but needed for sched_fair.
In particular, p->on_rq is only cleared when we actually dequeue the
task in schedule() and not on any random dequeue as done by things
like __migrate_task() and __sched_setscheduler().
This also allows us to remove p->se usage from !sched_fair code.
Reviewed-by: Frank Rowand <frank.rowand@am.sony.com>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20110405152728.949545047@chello.nl
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Fixes generated by 'codespell' and manually reviewed.
Signed-off-by: Lucas De Marchi <lucas.demarchi@profusion.mobi>
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Merge reason: Add fixes before applying dependent patches.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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The current sched rt code is broken when it comes to hierarchical
scheduling, this patch fixes two problems
1. It adds redundant enqueuing (harmless) when it finds a queue
has tasks enqueued, but it has no run time and it is not
throttled.
2. The most important change is in sched_rt_rq_enqueue/dequeue.
The code just picks the rt_rq belonging to the current cpu
on which the period timer runs, the patch fixes it, so that
the correct rt_se is enqueued/dequeued.
Tested with a simple hierarchy
/c/d, c and d assigned similar runtimes of 50,000 and a while
1 loop runs within "d". Both c and d get throttled, without
the patch, the task just stops running and never runs (depends
on where the sched_rt b/w timer runs). With the patch, the
task is throttled and runs as expected.
[ bharata, suggestions on how to pick the rt_se belong to the
rt_rq and correct cpu ]
Signed-off-by: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Bharata B Rao <bharata@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
LKML-Reference: <20110303113435.GA2868@balbir.in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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Merge reason: Pick up upstream fixes.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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cpu_stopper_thread()
migration_cpu_stop()
__migrate_task()
deactivate_task()
dequeue_task()
dequeue_task_rq()
update_curr_rt()
Will call update_curr_rt() on rq->curr, which at that time is
rq->stop. The problem is that rq->stop.prio matches an RT prio and
thus falsely assumes its a rt_sched_class task.
Reported-Debuged-Tested-Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Cc: stable@kernel.org # .37
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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When a task is taken out of the fair class we must ensure the vruntime
is properly normalized because when we put it back in it will assume
to be normalized.
The case that goes wrong is when changing away from the fair class
while sleeping. Sleeping tasks have non-normalized vruntime in order
to make sleeper-fairness work. So treat the switch away from fair as a
wakeup and preserve the relative vruntime.
Also update sysrq-n to call the ->switch_{to,from} methods.
Reported-by: Onkalo Samu <samu.p.onkalo@nokia.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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The if (unlikely(!rt_rq->rt_nr_running)) test in pick_next_task_rt()
tests if there is another rt task ready to run. If so, then pick it.
In most systems, only one RT task runs at a time most of the time.
Running the branch unlikely annotator profiler on a system doing average
work "running firefox, evolution, xchat, distcc builds, etc", it showed the
following:
correct incorrect % Function File Line
------- --------- - -------- ---- ----
324344 135104992 99 _pick_next_task_rt sched_rt.c 1064
99% of the time the condition is true. When an RT task schedules out,
it is unlikely that another RT task is waiting to run on that same run queue.
Simply remove the unlikely() condition.
Acked-by: Gregory Haskins <ghaskins@novell.com>
Cc:Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
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Since [commit 9a897c5a:
sched: RT-balance, replace hooks with pre/post schedule and wakeup methods]
we must call pre_schedule_rt if prev is rt task.
So condition rt_task(prev) is always true and the 'unlikely' declaration is
simply incorrect.
Signed-off-by: Yong Zhang <yong.zhang0@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
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Make certain load-balance actions scale per number of active cgroups
instead of the number of existing cgroups.
This makes wakeup/sleep paths more expensive, but is a win for systems
where the vast majority of existing cgroups are idle.
Signed-off-by: Paul Turner <pjt@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <20101115234937.666535048@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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Scheduler accounts both softirq and interrupt processing times to the
currently running task. This means, if the interrupt processing was
for some other task in the system, then the current task ends up being
penalized as it gets shorter runtime than otherwise.
Change sched task accounting to acoount only actual task time from
currently running task. Now update_curr(), modifies the delta_exec to
depend on rq->clock_task.
Note that this change only handles CONFIG_IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING case. We can
extend this to CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING with minimal effort. But, thats
for later.
This change will impact scheduling behavior in interrupt heavy conditions.
Tested on a 4-way system with eth0 handled by CPU 2 and a network heavy
task (nc) running on CPU 3 (and no RSS/RFS). With that I have CPU 2
spending 75%+ of its time in irq processing. CPU 3 spending around 35%
time running nc task.
Now, if I run another CPU intensive task on CPU 2, without this change
/proc/<pid>/schedstat shows 100% of time accounted to this task. With this
change, it rightly shows less than 25% accounted to this task as remaining
time is actually spent on irq processing.
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venki@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <1286237003-12406-7-git-send-email-venki@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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Labels should be on column 0.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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If a high priority task is waking up on a CPU that is running a
lower priority task that is bound to a CPU, see if we can move the
high RT task to another CPU first. Note, if all other CPUs are
running higher priority tasks than the CPU bounded current task,
then it will be preempted regardless.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Gregory Haskins <ghaskins@novell.com>
LKML-Reference: <20100921024138.888922071@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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When first working on the RT scheduler design, we concentrated on
keeping all CPUs running RT tasks instead of having multiple RT
tasks on a single CPU waiting for the migration thread to move
them. Instead we take a more proactive stance and push or pull RT
tasks from one CPU to another on wakeup or scheduling.
When an RT task wakes up on a CPU that is running another RT task,
instead of preempting it and killing the cache of the running RT
task, we look to see if we can migrate the RT task that is waking
up, even if the RT task waking up is of higher priority.
This may sound a bit odd, but RT tasks should be limited in
migration by the user anyway. But in practice, people do not do
this, which causes high prio RT tasks to bounce around the CPUs.
This becomes even worse when we have priority inheritance, because
a high prio task can block on a lower prio task and boost its
priority. When the lower prio task wakes up the high prio task, if
it happens to be on the same CPU it will migrate off of it.
But in reality, the above does not happen much either, because the
wake up of the lower prio task, which has already been boosted, if
it was on the same CPU as the higher prio task, it would then
migrate off of it. But anyway, we do not want to migrate them
either.
To examine the scheduling, I created a test program and examined it
under kernelshark. The test program created CPU * 2 threads, where
each thread had a different priority. The program takes different
options. The options used in this change log was to have priority
inheritance mutexes or not.
All threads did the following loop:
static void grab_lock(long id, int iter, int l)
{
ftrace_write("thread %ld iter %d, taking lock %d\n",
id, iter, l);
pthread_mutex_lock(&locks[l]);
ftrace_write("thread %ld iter %d, took lock %d\n",
id, iter, l);
busy_loop(nr_tasks - id);
ftrace_write("thread %ld iter %d, unlock lock %d\n",
id, iter, l);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&locks[l]);
}
void *start_task(void *id)
{
[...]
while (!done) {
for (l = 0; l < nr_locks; l++) {
grab_lock(id, i, l);
ftrace_write("thread %ld iter %d sleeping\n",
id, i);
ms_sleep(id);
}
i++;
}
[...]
}
The busy_loop(ms) keeps the CPU spinning for ms milliseconds. The
ms_sleep(ms) sleeps for ms milliseconds. The ftrace_write() writes
to the ftrace buffer to help analyze via ftrace.
The higher the id, the higher the prio, the shorter it does the
busy loop, but the longer it spins. This is usually the case with
RT tasks, the lower priority tasks usually run longer than higher
priority tasks.
At the end of the test, it records the number of loops each thread
took, as well as the number of voluntary preemptions, non-voluntary
preemptions, and number of migrations each thread took, taking the
information from /proc/$$/sched and /proc/$$/status.
Running this on a 4 CPU processor, the results without changes to
the kernel looked like this:
Task vol nonvol migrated iterations
---- --- ------ -------- ----------
0: 53 3220 1470 98
1: 562 773 724 98
2: 752 933 1375 98
3: 749 39 697 98
4: 758 5 515 98
5: 764 2 679 99
6: 761 2 535 99
7: 757 3 346 99
total: 5156 4977 6341 787
Each thread regardless of priority migrated a few hundred times.
The higher priority tasks, were a little better but still took
quite an impact.
By letting higher priority tasks bump the lower prio task from the
CPU, things changed a bit:
Task vol nonvol migrated iterations
---- --- ------ -------- ----------
0: 37 2835 1937 98
1: 666 1821 1865 98
2: 654 1003 1385 98
3: 664 635 973 99
4: 698 197 352 99
5: 703 101 159 99
6: 708 1 75 99
7: 713 1 2 99
total: 4843 6594 6748 789
The total # of migrations did not change (several runs showed the
difference all within the noise). But we now see a dramatic
improvement to the higher priority tasks. (kernelshark showed that
the watchdog timer bumped the highest priority task to give it the
2 count. This was actually consistent with every run).
Notice that the # of iterations did not change either.
The above was with priority inheritance mutexes. That is, when the
higher prority task blocked on a lower priority task, the lower
priority task would inherit the higher priority task (which shows
why task 6 was bumped so many times). When not using priority
inheritance mutexes, the current kernel shows this:
Task vol nonvol migrated iterations
---- --- ------ -------- ----------
0: 56 3101 1892 95
1: 594 713 937 95
2: 625 188 618 95
3: 628 4 491 96
4: 640 7 468 96
5: 631 2 501 96
6: 641 1 466 96
7: 643 2 497 96
total: 4458 4018 5870 765
Not much changed with or without priority inheritance mutexes. But
if we let the high priority task bump lower priority tasks on
wakeup we see:
Task vol nonvol migrated iterations
---- --- ------ -------- ----------
0: 115 3439 2782 98
1: 633 1354 1583 99
2: 652 919 1218 99
3: 645 713 934 99
4: 690 3 3 99
5: 694 1 4 99
6: 720 3 4 99
7: 747 0 1 100
Which shows a even bigger change. The big difference between task 3
and task 4 is because we have only 4 CPUs on the machine, causing
the 4 highest prio tasks to always have preference.
Although I did not measure cache misses, and I'm sure there would
be little to measure since the test was not data intensive, I could
imagine large improvements for higher priority tasks when dealing
with lower priority tasks. Thus, I'm satisfied with making the
change and agreeing with what Gregory Haskins argued a few years
ago when we first had this discussion.
One final note. All tasks in the above tests were RT tasks. Any RT
task will always preempt a non RT task that is running on the CPU
the RT task wants to run on.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Gregory Haskins <ghaskins@novell.com>
LKML-Reference: <20100921024138.605460343@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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Remove the obsolete ->signal != NULL check in watchdog().
Since ea6d290c ->signal can't be NULL.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <20100610230948.GA25911@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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In order to reduce the dependency on TASK_WAKING rework the enqueue
interface to support a proper flags field.
Replace the int wakeup, bool head arguments with an int flags argument
and create the following flags:
ENQUEUE_WAKEUP - the enqueue is a wakeup of a sleeping task,
ENQUEUE_WAKING - the enqueue has relative vruntime due to
having sched_class::task_waking() called,
ENQUEUE_HEAD - the waking task should be places on the head
of the priority queue (where appropriate).
For symmetry also convert sched_class::dequeue() to a flags scheme.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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Oleg noticed a few races with the TASK_WAKING usage on fork.
- since TASK_WAKING is basically a spinlock, it should be IRQ safe
- since we set TASK_WAKING (*) without holding rq->lock it could
be there still is a rq->lock holder, thereby not actually
providing full serialization.
(*) in fact we clear PF_STARTING, which in effect enables TASK_WAKING.
Cure the second issue by not setting TASK_WAKING in sched_fork(), but
only temporarily in wake_up_new_task() while calling select_task_rq().
Cure the first by holding rq->lock around the select_task_rq() call,
this will disable IRQs, this however requires that we push down the
rq->lock release into select_task_rq_fair()'s cgroup stuff.
Because select_task_rq_fair() still needs to drop the rq->lock we
cannot fully get rid of TASK_WAKING.
Reported-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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Merge reason: update to latest upstream
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip
* 'sched-fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
sched: Fix pick_next_highest_task_rt() for cgroups
sched: Cleanup: remove unused variable in try_to_wake_up()
x86: Fix sched_clock_cpu for systems with unsynchronized TSC
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Put all statistic fields of sched_entity in one struct, sched_statistics,
and embed it into sched_entity.
This change allows to memset the sched_statistics to 0 when needed (for
instance when forking), avoiding bugs of non initialized fields.
Signed-off-by: Lucas De Marchi <lucas.de.marchi@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <1268275065-18542-1-git-send-email-lucas.de.marchi@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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Since pick_next_highest_task_rt() already iterates all the cgroups and
is really only interested in tasks, skip over the !task entries.
Reported-by: Dhaval Giani <dhaval.giani@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Tested-by: Dhaval Giani <dhaval.giani@gmail.com>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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Make sure compiler won't do weird things with limits. E.g. fetching them
twice may return 2 different values after writable limits are implemented.
I.e. either use rlimit helpers added in commit 3e10e716abf3 ("resource:
add helpers for fetching rlimits") or ACCESS_ONCE if not applicable.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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This is the first step to remove rt_rq member rt_se because it have the
same meaning with tg->rt_se[cpu]. And the latter style is also used by
the fair scheduling class.
Signed-off-by: Yong Zhang <yong.zhang0@gmail.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <2674af741001282257r28c97a92o9f90cf16fe8d3d84@mail.gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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The ability of enqueueing a task to the head of a SCHED_FIFO priority
list is required to fix some violations of POSIX scheduling policy.
Implement the functionality in sched_rt.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Tested-by: Carsten Emde <cbe@osadl.org>
Tested-by: Mathias Weber <mathias.weber.mw1@roche.com>
LKML-Reference: <20100120171629.772169931@linutronix.de>
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The ability of enqueueing a task to the head of a SCHED_FIFO priority
list is required to fix some violations of POSIX scheduling policy.
Extend the related functions with a "head" argument.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Tested-by: Carsten Emde <cbe@osadl.org>
Tested-by: Mathias Weber <mathias.weber.mw1@roche.com>
LKML-Reference: <20100120171629.734886007@linutronix.de>
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Take out the sched_class methods for load-balancing.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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kernel/sched: don't expose local functions
The get_rr_interval_* functions are all class methods of
struct sched_class. They are not exported so make them
static.
Signed-off-by: H Hartley Sweeten <hsweeten@visionengravers.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
LKML-Reference: <201001132021.53253.hartleys@visionengravers.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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As will be apparent in the next patch, we need a pre wakeup hook
for sched_fair task migration, hence rename the post wakeup hook
and one pre wakeup.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
LKML-Reference: <20091216170518.114746117@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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