From 73649dab0fd524cb8545a8cb83c6eaf77b107105 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Rusty Lynch Date: Thu, 23 Jun 2005 00:09:23 -0700 Subject: [PATCH] x86_64 specific function return probes The following patch adds the x86_64 architecture specific implementation for function return probes. Function return probes is a mechanism built on top of kprobes that allows a caller to register a handler to be called when a given function exits. For example, to instrument the return path of sys_mkdir: static int sys_mkdir_exit(struct kretprobe_instance *i, struct pt_regs *regs) { printk("sys_mkdir exited\n"); return 0; } static struct kretprobe return_probe = { .handler = sys_mkdir_exit, }; return_probe.kp.addr = (kprobe_opcode_t *) kallsyms_lookup_name("sys_mkdir"); if (register_kretprobe(&return_probe)) { printk(KERN_DEBUG "Unable to register return probe!\n"); /* do error path */ } unregister_kretprobe(&return_probe); The way this works is that: * At system initialization time, kernel/kprobes.c installs a kprobe on a function called kretprobe_trampoline() that is implemented in the arch/x86_64/kernel/kprobes.c (More on this later) * When a return probe is registered using register_kretprobe(), kernel/kprobes.c will install a kprobe on the first instruction of the targeted function with the pre handler set to arch_prepare_kretprobe() which is implemented in arch/x86_64/kernel/kprobes.c. * arch_prepare_kretprobe() will prepare a kretprobe instance that stores: - nodes for hanging this instance in an empty or free list - a pointer to the return probe - the original return address - a pointer to the stack address With all this stowed away, arch_prepare_kretprobe() then sets the return address for the targeted function to a special trampoline function called kretprobe_trampoline() implemented in arch/x86_64/kernel/kprobes.c * The kprobe completes as normal, with control passing back to the target function that executes as normal, and eventually returns to our trampoline function. * Since a kprobe was installed on kretprobe_trampoline() during system initialization, control passes back to kprobes via the architecture specific function trampoline_probe_handler() which will lookup the instance in an hlist maintained by kernel/kprobes.c, and then call the handler function. * When trampoline_probe_handler() is done, the kprobes infrastructure single steps the original instruction (in this case just a top), and then calls trampoline_post_handler(). trampoline_post_handler() then looks up the instance again, puts the instance back on the free list, and then makes a long jump back to the original return instruction. So to recap, to instrument the exit path of a function this implementation will cause four interruptions: - A breakpoint at the very beginning of the function allowing us to switch out the return address - A single step interruption to execute the original instruction that we replaced with the break instruction (normal kprobe flow) - A breakpoint in the trampoline function where our instrumented function returned to - A single step interruption to execute the original instruction that we replaced with the break instruction (normal kprobe flow) Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds --- arch/x86_64/kernel/process.c | 16 ++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 16 insertions(+) (limited to 'arch/x86_64/kernel/process.c') diff --git a/arch/x86_64/kernel/process.c b/arch/x86_64/kernel/process.c index dce8bab4306..e59d1f9d616 100644 --- a/arch/x86_64/kernel/process.c +++ b/arch/x86_64/kernel/process.c @@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ #include #include #include +#include #include #include @@ -293,6 +294,14 @@ void exit_thread(void) { struct task_struct *me = current; struct thread_struct *t = &me->thread; + + /* + * Remove function-return probe instances associated with this task + * and put them back on the free list. Do not insert an exit probe for + * this function, it will be disabled by kprobe_flush_task if you do. + */ + kprobe_flush_task(me); + if (me->thread.io_bitmap_ptr) { struct tss_struct *tss = &per_cpu(init_tss, get_cpu()); @@ -312,6 +321,13 @@ void flush_thread(void) struct task_struct *tsk = current; struct thread_info *t = current_thread_info(); + /* + * Remove function-return probe instances associated with this task + * and put them back on the free list. Do not insert an exit probe for + * this function, it will be disabled by kprobe_flush_task if you do. + */ + kprobe_flush_task(tsk); + if (t->flags & _TIF_ABI_PENDING) t->flags ^= (_TIF_ABI_PENDING | _TIF_IA32); -- cgit v1.2.3-70-g09d2