/* * intel_idle.c - native hardware idle loop for modern Intel processors * * Copyright (c) 2013, Intel Corporation. * Len Brown * * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License, * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation. * * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for * more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., * 51 Franklin St - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. */ /* * intel_idle is a cpuidle driver that loads on specific Intel processors * in lieu of the legacy ACPI processor_idle driver. The intent is to * make Linux more efficient on these processors, as intel_idle knows * more than ACPI, as well as make Linux more immune to ACPI BIOS bugs. */ /* * Design Assumptions * * All CPUs have same idle states as boot CPU * * Chipset BM_STS (bus master status) bit is a NOP * for preventing entry into deep C-stats */ /* * Known limitations * * The driver currently initializes for_each_online_cpu() upon modprobe. * It it unaware of subsequent processors hot-added to the system. * This means that if you boot with maxcpus=n and later online * processors above n, those processors will use C1 only. * * ACPI has a .suspend hack to turn off deep c-statees during suspend * to avoid complications with the lapic timer workaround. * Have not seen issues with suspend, but may need same workaround here. * * There is currently no kernel-based automatic probing/loading mechanism * if the driver is built as a module. */ /* un-comment DEBUG to enable pr_debug() statements */ #define DEBUG #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #define INTEL_IDLE_VERSION "0.4" #define PREFIX "intel_idle: " static struct cpuidle_driver intel_idle_driver = { .name = "intel_idle", .owner = THIS_MODULE, }; /* intel_idle.max_cstate=0 disables driver */ static int max_cstate = CPUIDLE_STATE_MAX - 1; static unsigned int mwait_substates; #define LAPIC_TIMER_ALWAYS_RELIABLE 0xFFFFFFFF /* Reliable LAPIC Timer States, bit 1 for C1 etc. */ static unsigned int lapic_timer_reliable_states = (1 << 1); /* Default to only C1 */ struct idle_cpu { struct cpuidle_state *state_table; /* * Hardware C-state auto-demotion may not always be optimal. * Indicate which enable bits to clear here. */ unsigned long auto_demotion_disable_flags; bool disable_promotion_to_c1e; }; static const struct idle_cpu *icpu; static struct cpuidle_device __percpu *intel_idle_cpuidle_devices; static int intel_idle(struct cpuidle_device *dev, struct cpuidle_driver *drv, int index); static int intel_idle_cpu_init(int cpu); static struct cpuidle_state *cpuidle_state_table; /* * Set this flag for states where the HW flushes the TLB for us * and so we don't need cross-calls to keep it consistent. * If this flag is set, SW flushes the TLB, so even if the * HW doesn't do the flushing, this flag is safe to use. */ #define CPUIDLE_FLAG_TLB_FLUSHED 0x10000 /* * MWAIT takes an 8-bit "hint" in EAX "suggesting" * the C-state (top nibble) and sub-state (bottom nibble) * 0x00 means "MWAIT(C1)", 0x10 means "MWAIT(C2)" etc. * * We store the hint at the top of our "flags" for each state. */ #define flg2MWAIT(flags) (((flags) >> 24) & 0xFF) #define MWAIT2flg(eax) ((eax & 0xFF) << 24) /* * States are indexed by the cstate number, * which is also the index into the MWAIT hint array. * Thus C0 is a dummy. */ static struct cpuidle_state nehalem_cstates[] = { { .name = "C1-NHM", .desc = "MWAIT 0x00", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x00) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID, .exit_latency = 3, .target_residency = 6, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .name = "C1E-NHM", .desc = "MWAIT 0x01", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x01) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID, .exit_latency = 10, .target_residency = 20, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .name = "C3-NHM", .desc = "MWAIT 0x10", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x10) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TLB_FLUSHED, .exit_latency = 20, .target_residency = 80, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .name = "C6-NHM", .desc = "MWAIT 0x20", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x20) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TLB_FLUSHED, .exit_latency = 200, .target_residency = 800, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .enter = NULL } }; static struct cpuidle_state snb_cstates[] = { { .name = "C1-SNB", .desc = "MWAIT 0x00", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x00) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID, .exit_latency = 2, .target_residency = 2, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .name = "C1E-SNB", .desc = "MWAIT 0x01", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x01) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID, .exit_latency = 10, .target_residency = 20, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .name = "C3-SNB", .desc = "MWAIT 0x10", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x10) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TLB_FLUSHED, .exit_latency = 80, .target_residency = 211, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .name = "C6-SNB", .desc = "MWAIT 0x20", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x20) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TLB_FLUSHED, .exit_latency = 104, .target_residency = 345, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .name = "C7-SNB", .desc = "MWAIT 0x30", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x30) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TLB_FLUSHED, .exit_latency = 109, .target_residency = 345, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .enter = NULL } }; static struct cpuidle_state ivb_cstates[] = { { .name = "C1-IVB", .desc = "MWAIT 0x00", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x00) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID, .exit_latency = 1, .target_residency = 1, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .name = "C1E-IVB", .desc = "MWAIT 0x01", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x01) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID, .exit_latency = 10, .target_residency = 20, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .name = "C3-IVB", .desc = "MWAIT 0x10", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x10) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TLB_FLUSHED, .exit_latency = 59, .target_residency = 156, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .name = "C6-IVB", .desc = "MWAIT 0x20", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x20) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TLB_FLUSHED, .exit_latency = 80, .target_residency = 300, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .name = "C7-IVB", .desc = "MWAIT 0x30", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x30) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TLB_FLUSHED, .exit_latency = 87, .target_residency = 300, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .enter = NULL } }; static struct cpuidle_state hsw_cstates[] = { { .name = "C1-HSW", .desc = "MWAIT 0x00", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x00) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID, .exit_latency = 2, .target_residency = 2, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .name = "C1E-HSW", .desc = "MWAIT 0x01", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x01) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID, .exit_latency = 10, .target_residency = 20, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .name = "C3-HSW", .desc = "MWAIT 0x10", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x10) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TLB_FLUSHED, .exit_latency = 33, .target_residency = 100, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .name = "C6-HSW", .desc = "MWAIT 0x20", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x20) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TLB_FLUSHED, .exit_latency = 133, .target_residency = 400, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .name = "C7s-HSW", .desc = "MWAIT 0x32", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x32) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TLB_FLUSHED, .exit_latency = 166, .target_residency = 500, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .name = "C8-HSW", .desc = "MWAIT 0x40", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x40) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TLB_FLUSHED, .exit_latency = 300, .target_residency = 900, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .name = "C9-HSW", .desc = "MWAIT 0x50", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x50) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TLB_FLUSHED, .exit_latency = 600, .target_residency = 1800, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .name = "C10-HSW", .desc = "MWAIT 0x60", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x60) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TLB_FLUSHED, .exit_latency = 2600, .target_residency = 7700, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .enter = NULL } }; static struct cpuidle_state atom_cstates[] = { { .name = "C1E-ATM", .desc = "MWAIT 0x00", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x00) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID, .exit_latency = 10, .target_residency = 20, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .name = "C2-ATM", .desc = "MWAIT 0x10", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x10) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID, .exit_latency = 20, .target_residency = 80, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .name = "C4-ATM", .desc = "MWAIT 0x30", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x30) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TLB_FLUSHED, .exit_latency = 100, .target_residency = 400, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .name = "C6-ATM", .desc = "MWAIT 0x52", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x52) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TLB_FLUSHED, .exit_latency = 140, .target_residency = 560, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .enter = NULL } }; static struct cpuidle_state avn_cstates[] = { { .name = "C1-AVN", .desc = "MWAIT 0x00", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x00) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID, .exit_latency = 2, .target_residency = 2, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .name = "C6-AVN", .desc = "MWAIT 0x51", .flags = MWAIT2flg(0x51) | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TIME_VALID | CPUIDLE_FLAG_TLB_FLUSHED, .exit_latency = 15, .target_residency = 45, .enter = &intel_idle }, { .enter = NULL } }; /** * intel_idle * @dev: cpuidle_device * @drv: cpuidle driver * @index: index of cpuidle state * * Must be called under local_irq_disable(). */ static int intel_idle(struct cpuidle_device *dev, struct cpuidle_driver *drv, int index) { unsigned long ecx = 1; /* break on interrupt flag */ struct cpuidle_state *state = &drv->states[index]; unsigned long eax = flg2MWAIT(state->flags); unsigned int cstate; int cpu = smp_processor_id(); cstate = (((eax) >> MWAIT_SUBSTATE_SIZE) & MWAIT_CSTATE_MASK) + 1; /* * leave_mm() to avoid costly and often unnecessary wakeups * for flushing the user TLB's associated with the active mm. */ if (state->flags & CPUIDLE_FLAG_TLB_FLUSHED) leave_mm(cpu); if (!(lapic_timer_reliable_states & (1 << (cstate)))) clockevents_notify(CLOCK_EVT_NOTIFY_BROADCAST_ENTER, &cpu); if (!current_set_polling_and_test()) { if (this_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_CLFLUSH_MONITOR)) clflush((void *)¤t_thread_info()->flags); __monitor((void *)¤t_thread_info()->flags, 0, 0); smp_mb(); if (!need_resched()) __mwait(eax, ecx); } if (!(lapic_timer_reliable_states & (1 << (cstate)))) clockevents_notify(CLOCK_EVT_NOTIFY_BROADCAST_EXIT, &cpu); return index; } static void __setup_broadcast_timer(void *arg) { unsigned long reason = (unsigned long)arg; int cpu = smp_processor_id(); reason = reason ? CLOCK_EVT_NOTIFY_BROADCAST_ON : CLOCK_EVT_NOTIFY_BROADCAST_OFF; clockevents_notify(reason, &cpu); } static int cpu_hotplug_notify(struct notifier_block *n, unsigned long action, void *hcpu) { int hotcpu = (unsigned long)hcpu; struct cpuidle_device *dev; switch (action & ~CPU_TASKS_FROZEN) { case CPU_ONLINE: if (lapic_timer_reliable_states != LAPIC_TIMER_ALWAYS_RELIABLE) smp_call_function_single(hotcpu, __setup_broadcast_timer, (void *)true, 1); /* * Some systems can hotplug a cpu at runtime after * the kernel has booted, we have to initialize the * driver in this case */ dev = per_cpu_ptr(intel_idle_cpuidle_devices, hotcpu); if (!dev->registered) intel_idle_cpu_init(hotcpu); break; } return NOTIFY_OK; } static struct notifier_block cpu_hotplug_notifier = { .notifier_call = cpu_hotplug_notify, }; static void auto_demotion_disable(void *dummy) { unsigned long long msr_bits; rdmsrl(MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL, msr_bits); msr_bits &= ~(icpu->auto_demotion_disable_flags); wrmsrl(MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL, msr_bits); } static void c1e_promotion_disable(void *dummy) { unsigned long long msr_bits; rdmsrl(MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL, msr_bits); msr_bits &= ~0x2; wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL, msr_bits); } static const struct idle_cpu idle_cpu_nehalem = { .state_table = nehalem_cstates, .auto_demotion_disable_flags = NHM_C1_AUTO_DEMOTE | NHM_C3_AUTO_DEMOTE, .disable_promotion_to_c1e = true, }; static const struct idle_cpu idle_cpu_atom = { .state_table = atom_cstates, }; static const struct idle_cpu idle_cpu_lincroft = { .state_table = atom_cstates, .auto_demotion_disable_flags = ATM_LNC_C6_AUTO_DEMOTE, }; static const struct idle_cpu idle_cpu_snb = { .state_table = snb_cstates, .disable_promotion_to_c1e = true, }; static const struct idle_cpu idle_cpu_ivb = { .state_table = ivb_cstates, .disable_promotion_to_c1e = true, }; static const struct idle_cpu idle_cpu_hsw = { .state_table = hsw_cstates, .disable_promotion_to_c1e = true, }; static const struct idle_cpu idle_cpu_avn = { .state_table = avn_cstates, .disable_promotion_to_c1e = true, }; #define ICPU(model, cpu) \ { X86_VENDOR_INTEL, 6, model, X86_FEATURE_MWAIT, (unsigned long)&cpu } static const struct x86_cpu_id intel_idle_ids[] = { ICPU(0x1a, idle_cpu_nehalem), ICPU(0x1e, idle_cpu_nehalem), ICPU(0x1f, idle_cpu_nehalem), ICPU(0x25, idle_cpu_nehalem), ICPU(0x2c, idle_cpu_nehalem), ICPU(0x2e, idle_cpu_nehalem), ICPU(0x1c, idle_cpu_atom), ICPU(0x26, idle_cpu_lincroft), ICPU(0x2f, idle_cpu_nehalem), ICPU(0x2a, idle_cpu_snb), ICPU(0x2d, idle_cpu_snb), ICPU(0x3a, idle_cpu_ivb), ICPU(0x3e, idle_cpu_ivb), ICPU(0x3c, idle_cpu_hsw), ICPU(0x3f, idle_cpu_hsw), ICPU(0x45, idle_cpu_hsw), ICPU(0x46, idle_cpu_hsw), ICPU(0x4D, idle_cpu_avn), {} }; MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(x86cpu, intel_idle_ids); /* * intel_idle_probe() */ static int __init intel_idle_probe(void) { unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx; const struct x86_cpu_id *id; if (max_cstate == 0) { pr_debug(PREFIX "disabled\n"); return -EPERM; } id = x86_match_cpu(intel_idle_ids); if (!id) { if (boot_cpu_data.x86_vendor == X86_VENDOR_INTEL && boot_cpu_data.x86 == 6) pr_debug(PREFIX "does not run on family %d model %d\n", boot_cpu_data.x86, boot_cpu_data.x86_model); return -ENODEV; } if (boot_cpu_data.cpuid_level < CPUID_MWAIT_LEAF) return -ENODEV; cpuid(CPUID_MWAIT_LEAF, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &mwait_substates); if (!(ecx & CPUID5_ECX_EXTENSIONS_SUPPORTED) || !(ecx & CPUID5_ECX_INTERRUPT_BREAK) || !mwait_substates) return -ENODEV; pr_debug(PREFIX "MWAIT substates: 0x%x\n", mwait_substates); icpu = (const struct idle_cpu *)id->driver_data; cpuidle_state_table = icpu->state_table; if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_ARAT)) /* Always Reliable APIC Timer */ lapic_timer_reliable_states = LAPIC_TIMER_ALWAYS_RELIABLE; else on_each_cpu(__setup_broadcast_timer, (void *)true, 1); pr_debug(PREFIX "v" INTEL_IDLE_VERSION " model 0x%X\n", boot_cpu_data.x86_model); pr_debug(PREFIX "lapic_timer_reliable_states 0x%x\n", lapic_timer_reliable_states); return 0; } /* * intel_idle_cpuidle_devices_uninit() * unregister, free cpuidle_devices */ static void intel_idle_cpuidle_devices_uninit(void) { int i; struct cpuidle_device *dev; for_each_online_cpu(i) { dev = per_cpu_ptr(intel_idle_cpuidle_devices, i); cpuidle_unregister_device(dev); } free_percpu(intel_idle_cpuidle_devices); return; } /* * intel_idle_cpuidle_driver_init() * allocate, initialize cpuidle_states */ static int __init intel_idle_cpuidle_driver_init(void) { int cstate; struct cpuidle_driver *drv = &intel_idle_driver; drv->state_count = 1; for (cstate = 0; cstate < CPUIDLE_STATE_MAX; ++cstate) { int num_substates, mwait_hint, mwait_cstate, mwait_substate; if (cpuidle_state_table[cstate].enter == NULL) break; if (cstate + 1 > max_cstate) { printk(PREFIX "max_cstate %d reached\n", max_cstate); break; } mwait_hint = flg2MWAIT(cpuidle_state_table[cstate].flags); mwait_cstate = MWAIT_HINT2CSTATE(mwait_hint); mwait_substate = MWAIT_HINT2SUBSTATE(mwait_hint); /* does the state exist in CPUID.MWAIT? */ num_substates = (mwait_substates >> ((mwait_cstate + 1) * 4)) & MWAIT_SUBSTATE_MASK; /* if sub-state in table is not enumerated by CPUID */ if ((mwait_substate + 1) > num_substates) continue; if (((mwait_cstate + 1) > 2) && !boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_NONSTOP_TSC)) mark_tsc_unstable("TSC halts in idle" " states deeper than C2"); drv->states[drv->state_count] = /* structure copy */ cpuidle_state_table[cstate]; drv->state_count += 1; } if (icpu->auto_demotion_disable_flags) on_each_cpu(auto_demotion_disable, NULL, 1); if (icpu->disable_promotion_to_c1e) /* each-cpu is redundant */ on_each_cpu(c1e_promotion_disable, NULL, 1); return 0; } /* * intel_idle_cpu_init() * allocate, initialize, register cpuidle_devices * @cpu: cpu/core to initialize */ static int intel_idle_cpu_init(int cpu) { int cstate; struct cpuidle_device *dev; dev = per_cpu_ptr(intel_idle_cpuidle_devices, cpu); dev->state_count = 1; for (cstate = 0; cstate < CPUIDLE_STATE_MAX; ++cstate) { int num_substates, mwait_hint, mwait_cstate, mwait_substate; if (cpuidle_state_table[cstate].enter == NULL) break; if (cstate + 1 > max_cstate) { printk(PREFIX "max_cstate %d reached\n", max_cstate); break; } mwait_hint = flg2MWAIT(cpuidle_state_table[cstate].flags); mwait_cstate = MWAIT_HINT2CSTATE(mwait_hint); mwait_substate = MWAIT_HINT2SUBSTATE(mwait_hint); /* does the state exist in CPUID.MWAIT? */ num_substates = (mwait_substates >> ((mwait_cstate + 1) * 4)) & MWAIT_SUBSTATE_MASK; /* if sub-state in table is not enumerated by CPUID */ if ((mwait_substate + 1) > num_substates) continue; dev->state_count += 1; } dev->cpu = cpu; if (cpuidle_register_device(dev)) { pr_debug(PREFIX "cpuidle_register_device %d failed!\n", cpu); intel_idle_cpuidle_devices_uninit(); return -EIO; } if (icpu->auto_demotion_disable_flags) smp_call_function_single(cpu, auto_demotion_disable, NULL, 1); if (icpu->disable_promotion_to_c1e) smp_call_function_single(cpu, c1e_promotion_disable, NULL, 1); return 0; } static int __init intel_idle_init(void) { int retval, i; /* Do not load intel_idle at all for now if idle= is passed */ if (boot_option_idle_override != IDLE_NO_OVERRIDE) return -ENODEV; retval = intel_idle_probe(); if (retval) return retval; intel_idle_cpuidle_driver_init(); retval = cpuidle_register_driver(&intel_idle_driver); if (retval) { struct cpuidle_driver *drv = cpuidle_get_driver(); printk(KERN_DEBUG PREFIX "intel_idle yielding to %s", drv ? drv->name : "none"); return retval; } intel_idle_cpuidle_devices = alloc_percpu(struct cpuidle_device); if (intel_idle_cpuidle_devices == NULL) return -ENOMEM; for_each_online_cpu(i) { retval = intel_idle_cpu_init(i); if (retval) { cpuidle_unregister_driver(&intel_idle_driver); return retval; } } register_cpu_notifier(&cpu_hotplug_notifier); return 0; } static void __exit intel_idle_exit(void) { intel_idle_cpuidle_devices_uninit(); cpuidle_unregister_driver(&intel_idle_driver); if (lapic_timer_reliable_states != LAPIC_TIMER_ALWAYS_RELIABLE) on_each_cpu(__setup_broadcast_timer, (void *)false, 1); unregister_cpu_notifier(&cpu_hotplug_notifier); return; } module_init(intel_idle_init); module_exit(intel_idle_exit); module_param(max_cstate, int, 0444); MODULE_AUTHOR("Len Brown "); MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Cpuidle driver for Intel Hardware v" INTEL_IDLE_VERSION); MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");