/* * linux/kernel/timer.c * * Kernel internal timers, basic process system calls * * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds * * 1997-01-28 Modified by Finn Arne Gangstad to make timers scale better. * * 1997-09-10 Updated NTP code according to technical memorandum Jan '96 * "A Kernel Model for Precision Timekeeping" by Dave Mills * 1998-12-24 Fixed a xtime SMP race (we need the xtime_lock rw spinlock to * serialize accesses to xtime/lost_ticks). * Copyright (C) 1998 Andrea Arcangeli * 1999-03-10 Improved NTP compatibility by Ulrich Windl * 2002-05-31 Move sys_sysinfo here and make its locking sane, Robert Love * 2000-10-05 Implemented scalable SMP per-CPU timer handling. * Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002 Ingo Molnar * Designed by David S. Miller, Alexey Kuznetsov and Ingo Molnar */ #include <linux/kernel_stat.h> #include <linux/export.h> #include <linux/interrupt.h> #include <linux/percpu.h> #include <linux/init.h> #include <linux/mm.h> #include <linux/swap.h> #include <linux/pid_namespace.h> #include <linux/notifier.h> #include <linux/thread_info.h> #include <linux/time.h> #include <linux/jiffies.h> #include <linux/posix-timers.h> #include <linux/cpu.h> #include <linux/syscalls.h> #include <linux/delay.h> #include <linux/tick.h> #include <linux/kallsyms.h> #include <linux/irq_work.h> #include <linux/sched.h> #include <linux/slab.h> #include <asm/uaccess.h> #include <asm/unistd.h> #include <asm/div64.h> #include <asm/timex.h> #include <asm/io.h> #define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS #include <trace/events/timer.h> u64 jiffies_64 __cacheline_aligned_in_smp = INITIAL_JIFFIES; EXPORT_SYMBOL(jiffies_64); /* * per-CPU timer vector definitions: */ #define TVN_BITS (CONFIG_BASE_SMALL ? 4 : 6) #define TVR_BITS (CONFIG_BASE_SMALL ? 6 : 8) #define TVN_SIZE (1 << TVN_BITS) #define TVR_SIZE (1 << TVR_BITS) #define TVN_MASK (TVN_SIZE - 1) #define TVR_MASK (TVR_SIZE - 1) struct tvec { struct list_head vec[TVN_SIZE]; }; struct tvec_root { struct list_head vec[TVR_SIZE]; }; struct tvec_base { spinlock_t lock; struct timer_list *running_timer; unsigned long timer_jiffies; unsigned long next_timer; struct tvec_root tv1; struct tvec tv2; struct tvec tv3; struct tvec tv4; struct tvec tv5; } ____cacheline_aligned; struct tvec_base boot_tvec_bases; EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_tvec_bases); static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct tvec_base *, tvec_bases) = &boot_tvec_bases; /* Functions below help us manage 'deferrable' flag */ static inline unsigned int tbase_get_deferrable(struct tvec_base *base) { return ((unsigned int)(unsigned long)base & TBASE_DEFERRABLE_FLAG); } static inline struct tvec_base *tbase_get_base(struct tvec_base *base) { return ((struct tvec_base *)((unsigned long)base & ~TBASE_DEFERRABLE_FLAG)); } static inline void timer_set_deferrable(struct timer_list *timer) { timer->base = TBASE_MAKE_DEFERRED(timer->base); } static inline void timer_set_base(struct timer_list *timer, struct tvec_base *new_base) { timer->base = (struct tvec_base *)((unsigned long)(new_base) | tbase_get_deferrable(timer->base)); } static unsigned long round_jiffies_common(unsigned long j, int cpu, bool force_up) { int rem; unsigned long original = j; /* * We don't want all cpus firing their timers at once hitting the * same lock or cachelines, so we skew each extra cpu with an extra * 3 jiffies. This 3 jiffies came originally from the mm/ code which * already did this. * The skew is done by adding 3*cpunr, then round, then subtract this * extra offset again. */ j += cpu * 3; rem = j % HZ; /* * If the target jiffie is just after a whole second (which can happen * due to delays of the timer irq, long irq off times etc etc) then * we should round down to the whole second, not up. Use 1/4th second * as cutoff for this rounding as an extreme upper bound for this. * But never round down if @force_up is set. */ if (rem < HZ/4 && !force_up) /* round down */ j = j - rem; else /* round up */ j = j - rem + HZ; /* now that we have rounded, subtract the extra skew again */ j -= cpu * 3; if (j <= jiffies) /* rounding ate our timeout entirely; */ return original; return j; } /** * __round_jiffies - function to round jiffies to a full second * @j: the time in (absolute) jiffies that should be rounded * @cpu: the processor number on which the timeout will happen * * __round_jiffies() rounds an absolute time in the future (in jiffies) * up or down to (approximately) full seconds. This is useful for timers * for which the exact time they fire does not matter too much, as long as * they fire approximately every X seconds. * * By rounding these timers to whole seconds, all such timers will fire * at the same time, rather than at various times spread out. The goal * of this is to have the CPU wake up less, which saves power. * * The exact rounding is skewed for each processor to avoid all * processors firing at the exact same time, which could lead * to lock contention or spurious cache line bouncing. * * The return value is the rounded version of the @j parameter. */ unsigned long __round_jiffies(unsigned long j, int cpu) { return round_jiffies_common(j, cpu, false); } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__round_jiffies); /** * __round_jiffies_relative - function to round jiffies to a full second * @j: the time in (relative) jiffies that should be rounded * @cpu: the processor number on which the timeout will happen * * __round_jiffies_relative() rounds a time delta in the future (in jiffies) * up or down to (approximately) full seconds. This is useful for timers * for which the exact time they fire does not matter too much, as long as * they fire approximately every X seconds. * * By rounding these timers to whole seconds, all such timers will fire * at the same time, rather than at various times spread out. The goal * of this is to have the CPU wake up less, which saves power. * * The exact rounding is skewed for each processor to avoid all * processors firing at the exact same time, which could lead * to lock contention or spurious cache line bouncing. * * The return value is the rounded version of the @j parameter. */ unsigned long __round_jiffies_relative(unsigned long j, int cpu) { unsigned long j0 = jiffies; /* Use j0 because jiffies might change while we run */ return round_jiffies_common(j + j0, cpu, false) - j0; } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__round_jiffies_relative); /** * round_jiffies - function to round jiffies to a full second * @j: the time in (absolute) jiffies that should be rounded * * round_jiffies() rounds an absolute time in the future (in jiffies) * up or down to (approximately) full seconds. This is useful for timers * for which the exact time they fire does not matter too much, as long as * they fire approximately every X seconds. * * By rounding these timers to whole seconds, all such timers will fire * at the same time, rather than at various times spread out. The goal * of this is to have the CPU wake up less, which saves power. * * The return value is the rounded version of the @j parameter. */ unsigned long round_jiffies(unsigned long j) { return round_jiffies_common(j, raw_smp_processor_id(), false); } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(round_jiffies); /** * round_jiffies_relative - function to round jiffies to a full second * @j: the time in (relative) jiffies that should be rounded * * round_jiffies_relative() rounds a time delta in the future (in jiffies) * up or down to (approximately) full seconds. This is useful for timers * for which the exact time they fire does not matter too much, as long as * they fire approximately every X seconds. * * By rounding these timers to whole seconds, all such timers will fire * at the same time, rather than at various times spread out. The goal * of this is to have the CPU wake up less, which saves power. * * The return value is the rounded version of the @j parameter. */ unsigned long round_jiffies_relative(unsigned long j) { return __round_jiffies_relative(j, raw_smp_processor_id()); } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(round_jiffies_relative); /** * __round_jiffies_up - function to round jiffies up to a full second * @j: the time in (absolute) jiffies that should be rounded * @cpu: the processor number on which the timeout will happen * * This is the same as __round_jiffies() except that it will never * round down. This is useful for timeouts for which the exact time * of firing does not matter too much, as long as they don't fire too * early. */ unsigned long __round_jiffies_up(unsigned long j, int cpu) { return round_jiffies_common(j, cpu, true); } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__round_jiffies_up); /** * __round_jiffies_up_relative - function to round jiffies up to a full second * @j: the time in (relative) jiffies that should be rounded * @cpu: the processor number on which the timeout will happen * * This is the same as __round_jiffies_relative() except that it will never * round down. This is useful for timeouts for which the exact time * of firing does not matter too much, as long as they don't fire too * early. */ unsigned long __round_jiffies_up_relative(unsigned long j, int cpu) { unsigned long j0 = jiffies; /* Use j0 because jiffies might change while we run */ return round_jiffies_common(j + j0, cpu, true) - j0; } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__round_jiffies_up_relative); /** * round_jiffies_up - function to round jiffies up to a full second * @j: the time in (absolute) jiffies that should be rounded * * This is the same as round_jiffies() except that it will never * round down. This is useful for timeouts for which the exact time * of firing does not matter too much, as long as they don't fire too * early. */ unsigned long round_jiffies_up(unsigned long j) { return round_jiffies_common(j, raw_smp_processor_id(), true); } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(round_jiffies_up); /** * round_jiffies_up_relative - function to round jiffies up to a full second * @j: the time in (relative) jiffies that should be rounded * * This is the same as round_jiffies_relative() except that it will never * round down. This is useful for timeouts for which the exact time * of firing does not matter too much, as long as they don't fire too * early. */ unsigned long round_jiffies_up_relative(unsigned long j) { return __round_jiffies_up_relative(j, raw_smp_processor_id()); } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(round_jiffies_up_relative); /** * set_timer_slack - set the allowed slack for a timer * @timer: the timer to be modified * @slack_hz: the amount of time (in jiffies) allowed for rounding * * Set the amount of time, in jiffies, that a certain timer has * in terms of slack. By setting this value, the timer subsystem * will schedule the actual timer somewhere between * the time mod_timer() asks for, and that time plus the slack. * * By setting the slack to -1, a percentage of the delay is used * instead. */ void set_timer_slack(struct timer_list *timer, int slack_hz) { timer->slack = slack_hz; } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(set_timer_slack); static void internal_add_timer(struct tvec_base *base, struct timer_list *timer) { unsigned long expires = timer->expires; unsigned long idx = expires - base->timer_jiffies; struct list_head *vec; if (idx < TVR_SIZE) { int i = expires & TVR_MASK; vec = base->tv1.vec + i; } else if (idx < 1 << (TVR_BITS + TVN_BITS)) { int i = (expires >> TVR_BITS) & TVN_MASK; vec = base->tv2.vec + i; } else if (idx < 1 << (TVR_BITS + 2 * TVN_BITS)) { int i = (expires >> (TVR_BITS + TVN_BITS)) & TVN_MASK; vec = base->tv3.vec + i; } else if (idx < 1 << (TVR_BITS + 3 * TVN_BITS)) { int i = (expires >> (TVR_BITS + 2 * TVN_BITS)) & TVN_MASK; vec = base->tv4.vec + i; } else if ((signed long) idx < 0) { /* * Can happen if you add a timer with expires == jiffies, * or you set a timer to go off in the past */ vec = base->tv1.vec + (base->timer_jiffies & TVR_MASK); } else { int i; /* If the timeout is larger than 0xffffffff on 64-bit * architectures then we use the maximum timeout: */ if (idx > 0xffffffffUL) { idx = 0xffffffffUL; expires = idx + base->timer_jiffies; } i = (expires >> (TVR_BITS + 3 * TVN_BITS)) & TVN_MASK; vec = base->tv5.vec + i; } /* * Timers are FIFO: */ list_add_tail(&timer->entry, vec); } #ifdef CONFIG_TIMER_STATS void __timer_stats_timer_set_start_info(struct timer_list *timer, void *addr) { if (timer->start_site) return; timer->start_site = addr; memcpy(timer->start_comm, current->comm, TASK_COMM_LEN); timer->start_pid = current->pid; } static void timer_stats_account_timer(struct timer_list *timer) { unsigned int flag = 0; if (likely(!timer->start_site)) return; if (unlikely(tbase_get_deferrable(timer->base))) flag |= TIMER_STATS_FLAG_DEFERRABLE; timer_stats_update_stats(timer, timer->start_pid, timer->start_site, timer->function, timer->start_comm, flag); } #else static void timer_stats_account_timer(struct timer_list *timer) {} #endif #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_TIMERS static struct debug_obj_descr timer_debug_descr; static void *timer_debug_hint(void *addr) { return ((struct timer_list *) addr)->function; } /* * fixup_init is called when: * - an active object is initialized */ static int timer_fixup_init(void *addr, enum debug_obj_state state) { struct timer_list *timer = addr; switch (state) { case ODEBUG_STATE_ACTIVE: del_timer_sync(timer); debug_object_init(timer, &timer_debug_descr); return 1; default: return 0; } } /* Stub timer callback for improperly used timers. */ static void stub_timer(unsigned long data) { WARN_ON(1); } /* * fixup_activate is called when: * - an active object is activated * - an unknown object is activated (might be a statically initialized object) */ static int timer_fixup_activate(void *addr, enum debug_obj_state state) { struct timer_list *timer = addr; switch (state) { case ODEBUG_STATE_NOTAVAILABLE: /* * This is not really a fixup. The timer was * statically initialized. We just make sure that it * is tracked in the object tracker. */ if (timer->entry.next == NULL && timer->entry.prev == TIMER_ENTRY_STATIC) { debug_object_init(timer, &timer_debug_descr); debug_object_activate(timer, &timer_debug_descr); return 0; } else { setup_timer(timer, stub_timer, 0); return 1; } return 0; case ODEBUG_STATE_ACTIVE: WARN_ON(1); default: return 0; } } /* * fixup_free is called when: * - an active object is freed */ static int timer_fixup_free(void *addr, enum debug_obj_state state) { struct timer_list *timer = addr; switch (state) { case ODEBUG_STATE_ACTIVE: del_timer_sync(timer); debug_object_free(timer, &timer_debug_descr); return 1; default: return 0; } } /* * fixup_assert_init is called when: * - an untracked/uninit-ed object is found */ static int timer_fixup_assert_init(void *addr, enum debug_obj_state state) { struct timer_list *timer = addr; switch (state) { case ODEBUG_STATE_NOTAVAILABLE: if (timer->entry.prev == TIMER_ENTRY_STATIC) { /* * This is not really a fixup. The timer was * statically initialized. We just make sure that it * is tracked in the object tracker. */ debug_object_init(timer, &timer_debug_descr); return 0; } else { setup_timer(timer, stub_timer, 0); return 1; } default: return 0; } } static struct debug_obj_descr timer_debug_descr = { .name = "timer_list", .debug_hint = timer_debug_hint, .fixup_init = timer_fixup_init, .fixup_activate = timer_fixup_activate, .fixup_free = timer_fixup_free, .fixup_assert_init = timer_fixup_assert_init, }; static inline void debug_timer_init(struct timer_list *timer) { debug_object_init(timer, &timer_debug_descr); } static inline void debug_timer_activate(struct timer_list *timer) { debug_object_activate(timer, &timer_debug_descr); } static inline void debug_timer_deactivate(struct timer_list *timer) { debug_object_deactivate(timer, &timer_debug_descr); } static inline void debug_timer_free(struct timer_list *timer) { debug_object_free(timer, &timer_debug_descr); } static inline void debug_timer_assert_init(struct timer_list *timer) { debug_object_assert_init(timer, &timer_debug_descr); } static void __init_timer(struct timer_list *timer, const char *name, struct lock_class_key *key); void init_timer_on_stack_key(struct timer_list *timer, const char *name, struct lock_class_key *key) { debug_object_init_on_stack(timer, &timer_debug_descr); __init_timer(timer, name, key); } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(init_timer_on_stack_key); void destroy_timer_on_stack(struct timer_list *timer) { debug_object_free(timer, &timer_debug_descr); } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(destroy_timer_on_stack); #else static inline void debug_timer_init(struct timer_list *timer) { } static inline void debug_timer_activate(struct timer_list *timer) { } static inline void debug_timer_deactivate(struct timer_list *timer) { } static inline void debug_timer_assert_init(struct timer_list *timer) { } #endif static inline void debug_init(struct timer_list *timer) { debug_timer_init(timer); trace_timer_init(timer); } static inline void debug_activate(struct timer_list *timer, unsigned long expires) { debug_timer_activate(timer); trace_timer_start(timer, expires); } static inline void debug_deactivate(struct timer_list *timer) { debug_timer_deactivate(timer); trace_timer_cancel(timer); } static inline void debug_assert_init(struct timer_list *timer) { debug_timer_assert_init(timer); } static void __init_timer(struct timer_list *timer, const char *name, struct lock_class_key *key) { timer->entry.next = NULL; timer->base = __raw_get_cpu_var(tvec_bases); timer->slack = -1; #ifdef CONFIG_TIMER_STATS timer->start_site = NULL; timer->start_pid = -1; memset(timer->start_comm, 0, TASK_COMM_LEN); #endif lockdep_init_map(&timer->lockdep_map, name, key, 0); } void setup_deferrable_timer_on_stack_key(struct timer_list *timer, const char *name, struct lock_class_key *key, void (*function)(unsigned long), unsigned long data) { timer->function = function; timer->data = data; init_timer_on_stack_key(timer, name, key); timer_set_deferrable(timer); } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(setup_deferrable_timer_on_stack_key); /** * init_timer_key - initialize a timer * @timer: the timer to be initialized * @name: name of the timer * @key: lockdep class key of the fake lock used for tracking timer * sync lock dependencies * * init_timer_key() must be done to a timer prior calling *any* of the * other timer functions. */ void init_timer_key(struct timer_list *timer, const char *name, struct lock_class_key *key) { debug_init(timer); __init_timer(timer, name, key); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(init_timer_key); void init_timer_deferrable_key(struct timer_list *timer, const char *name, struct lock_class_key *key) { init_timer_key(timer, name, key); timer_set_deferrable(timer); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(init_timer_deferrable_key); static inline void detach_timer(struct timer_list *timer, int clear_pending) { struct list_head *entry = &timer->entry; debug_deactivate(timer); __list_del(entry->prev, entry->next); if (clear_pending) entry->next = NULL; entry->prev = LIST_POISON2; } /* * We are using hashed locking: holding per_cpu(tvec_bases).lock * means that all timers which are tied to this base via timer->base are * locked, and the base itself is locked too. * * So __run_timers/migrate_timers can safely modify all timers which could * be found on ->tvX lists. * * When the timer's base is locked, and the timer removed from list, it is * possible to set timer->base = NULL and drop the lock: the timer remains * locked. */ static struct tvec_base *lock_timer_base(struct timer_list *timer, unsigned long *flags) __acquires(timer->base->lock) { struct tvec_base *base; for (;;) { struct tvec_base *prelock_base = timer->base; base = tbase_get_base(prelock_base); if (likely(base != NULL)) { spin_lock_irqsave(&base->lock, *flags); if (likely(prelock_base == timer->base)) return base; /* The timer has migrated to another CPU */ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&base->lock, *flags); } cpu_relax(); } } static inline int __mod_timer(struct timer_list *timer, unsigned long expires, bool pending_only, int pinned) { struct tvec_base *base, *new_base; unsigned long flags; int ret = 0 , cpu; timer_stats_timer_set_start_info(timer); BUG_ON(!timer->function); base = lock_timer_base(timer, &flags); if (timer_pending(timer)) { detach_timer(timer, 0); if (timer->expires == base->next_timer && !tbase_get_deferrable(timer->base)) base->next_timer = base->timer_jiffies; ret = 1; } else { if (pending_only) goto out_unlock; } debug_activate(timer, expires); cpu = smp_processor_id(); #if defined(CONFIG_NO_HZ) && defined(CONFIG_SMP) if (!pinned && get_sysctl_timer_migration() && idle_cpu(cpu)) cpu = get_nohz_timer_target(); #endif new_base = per_cpu(tvec_bases, cpu); if (base != new_base) { /* * We are trying to schedule the timer on the local CPU. * However we can't change timer's base while it is running, * otherwise del_timer_sync() can't detect that the timer's * handler yet has not finished. This also guarantees that * the timer is serialized wrt itself. */ if (likely(base->running_timer != timer)) { /* See the comment in lock_timer_base() */ timer_set_base(timer, NULL); spin_unlock(&base->lock); base = new_base; spin_lock(&base->lock); timer_set_base(timer, base); } } timer->expires = expires; if (time_before(timer->expires, base->next_timer) && !tbase_get_deferrable(timer->base)) base->next_timer = timer->expires; internal_add_timer(base, timer); out_unlock: spin_unlock_irqrestore(&base->lock, flags); return ret; } /** * mod_timer_pending - modify a pending timer's timeout * @timer: the pending timer to be modified * @expires: new timeout in jiffies * * mod_timer_pending() is the same for pending timers as mod_timer(), * but will not re-activate and modify already deleted timers. * * It is useful for unserialized use of timers. */ int mod_timer_pending(struct timer_list *timer, unsigned long expires) { return __mod_timer(timer, expires, true, TIMER_NOT_PINNED); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(mod_timer_pending); /* * Decide where to put the timer while taking the slack into account * * Algorithm: * 1) calculate the maximum (absolute) time * 2) calculate the highest bit where the expires and new max are different * 3) use this bit to make a mask * 4) use the bitmask to round down the maximum time, so that all last * bits are zeros */ static inline unsigned long apply_slack(struct timer_list *timer, unsigned long expires) { unsigned long expires_limit, mask; int bit; if (timer->slack >= 0) { expires_limit = expires + timer->slack; } else { long delta = expires - jiffies; if (delta < 256) return expires; expires_limit = expires + delta / 256; } mask = expires ^ expires_limit; if (mask == 0) return expires; bit = find_last_bit(&mask, BITS_PER_LONG); mask = (1 << bit) - 1; expires_limit = expires_limit & ~(mask); return expires_limit; } /** * mod_timer - modify a timer's timeout * @timer: the timer to be modified * @expires: new timeout in jiffies * * mod_timer() is a more efficient way to update the expire field of an * active timer (if the timer is inactive it will be activated) * * mod_timer(timer, expires) is equivalent to: * * del_timer(timer); timer->expires = expires; add_timer(timer); * * Note that if there are multiple unserialized concurrent users of the * same timer, then mod_timer() is the only safe way to modify the timeout, * since add_timer() cannot modify an already running timer. * * The function returns whether it has modified a pending timer or not. * (ie. mod_timer() of an inactive timer returns 0, mod_timer() of an * active timer returns 1.) */ int mod_timer(struct timer_list *timer, unsigned long expires) { expires = apply_slack(timer, expires); /* * This is a common optimization triggered by the * networking code - if the timer is re-modified * to be the same thing then just return: */ if (timer_pending(timer) && timer->expires == expires) return 1; return __mod_timer(timer, expires, false, TIMER_NOT_PINNED); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(mod_timer); /** * mod_timer_pinned - modify a timer's timeout * @timer: the timer to be modified * @expires: new timeout in jiffies * * mod_timer_pinned() is a way to update the expire field of an * active timer (if the timer is inactive it will be activated) * and to ensure that the timer is scheduled on the current CPU. * * Note that this does not prevent the timer from being migrated * when the current CPU goes offline. If this is a problem for * you, use CPU-hotplug notifiers to handle it correctly, for * example, cancelling the timer when the corresponding CPU goes * offline. * * mod_timer_pinned(timer, expires) is equivalent to: * * del_timer(timer); timer->expires = expires; add_timer(timer); */ int mod_timer_pinned(struct timer_list *timer, unsigned long expires) { if (timer->expires == expires && timer_pending(timer)) return 1; return __mod_timer(timer, expires, false, TIMER_PINNED); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(mod_timer_pinned); /** * add_timer - start a timer * @timer: the timer to be added * * The kernel will do a ->function(->data) callback from the * timer interrupt at the ->expires point in the future. The * current time is 'jiffies'. * * The timer's ->expires, ->function (and if the handler uses it, ->data) * fields must be set prior calling this function. * * Timers with an ->expires field in the past will be executed in the next * timer tick. */ void add_timer(struct timer_list *timer) { BUG_ON(timer_pending(timer)); mod_timer(timer, timer->expires); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(add_timer); /** * add_timer_on - start a timer on a particular CPU * @timer: the timer to be added * @cpu: the CPU to start it on * * This is not very scalable on SMP. Double adds are not possible. */ void add_timer_on(struct timer_list *timer, int cpu) { struct tvec_base *base = per_cpu(tvec_bases, cpu); unsigned long flags; timer_stats_timer_set_start_info(timer); BUG_ON(timer_pending(timer) || !timer->function); spin_lock_irqsave(&base->lock, flags); timer_set_base(timer, base); debug_activate(timer, timer->expires); if (time_before(timer->expires, base->next_timer) && !tbase_get_deferrable(timer->base)) base->next_timer = timer->expires; internal_add_timer(base, timer); /* * Check whether the other CPU is idle and needs to be * triggered to reevaluate the timer wheel when nohz is * active. We are protected against the other CPU fiddling * with the timer by holding the timer base lock. This also * makes sure that a CPU on the way to idle can not evaluate * the timer wheel. */ wake_up_idle_cpu(cpu); spin_unlock_irqrestore(&base->lock, flags); } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(add_timer_on); /** * del_timer - deactive a timer. * @timer: the timer to be deactivated * * del_timer() deactivates a timer - this works on both active and inactive * timers. * * The function returns whether it has deactivated a pending timer or not. * (ie. del_timer() of an inactive timer returns 0, del_timer() of an * active timer returns 1.) */ int del_timer(struct timer_list *timer) { struct tvec_base *base; unsigned long flags; int ret = 0; debug_assert_init(timer); timer_stats_timer_clear_start_info(timer); if (timer_pending(timer)) { base = lock_timer_base(timer, &flags); if (timer_pending(timer)) { detach_timer(timer, 1); if (timer->expires == base->next_timer && !tbase_get_deferrable(timer->base)) base->next_timer = base->timer_jiffies; ret = 1; } spin_unlock_irqrestore(&base->lock, flags); } return ret; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(del_timer); /** * try_to_del_timer_sync - Try to deactivate a timer * @timer: timer do del * * This function tries to deactivate a timer. Upon successful (ret >= 0) * exit the timer is not queued and the handler is not running on any CPU. */ int try_to_del_timer_sync(struct timer_list *timer) { struct tvec_base *base; unsigned long flags; int ret = -1; debug_assert_init(timer); base = lock_timer_base(timer, &flags); if (base->running_timer == timer) goto out; timer_stats_timer_clear_start_info(timer); ret = 0; if (timer_pending(timer)) { detach_timer(timer, 1); if (timer->expires == base->next_timer && !tbase_get_deferrable(timer->base)) base->next_timer = base->timer_jiffies; ret = 1; } out: spin_unlock_irqrestore(&base->lock, flags); return ret; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(try_to_del_timer_sync); #ifdef CONFIG_SMP /** * del_timer_sync - deactivate a timer and wait for the handler to finish. * @timer: the timer to be deactivated * * This function only differs from del_timer() on SMP: besides deactivating * the timer it also makes sure the handler has finished executing on other * CPUs. * * Synchronization rules: Callers must prevent restarting of the timer, * otherwise this function is meaningless. It must not be called from * interrupt contexts. The caller must not hold locks which would prevent * completion of the timer's handler. The timer's handler must not call * add_timer_on(). Upon exit the timer is not queued and the handler is * not running on any CPU. * * Note: You must not hold locks that are held in interrupt context * while calling this function. Even if the lock has nothing to do * with the timer in question. Here's why: * * CPU0 CPU1 * ---- ---- * <SOFTIRQ> * call_timer_fn(); * base->running_timer = mytimer; * spin_lock_irq(somelock); * <IRQ> * spin_lock(somelock); * del_timer_sync(mytimer); * while (base->running_timer == mytimer); * * Now del_timer_sync() will never return and never release somelock. * The interrupt on the other CPU is waiting to grab somelock but * it has interrupted the softirq that CPU0 is waiting to finish. * * The function returns whether it has deactivated a pending timer or not. */ int del_timer_sync(struct timer_list *timer) { #ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP unsigned long flags; /* * If lockdep gives a backtrace here, please reference * the synchronization rules above. */ local_irq_save(flags); lock_map_acquire(&timer->lockdep_map); lock_map_release(&timer->lockdep_map); local_irq_restore(flags); #endif /* * don't use it in hardirq context, because it * could lead to deadlock. */ WARN_ON(in_irq()); for (;;) { int ret = try_to_del_timer_sync(timer); if (ret >= 0) return ret; cpu_relax(); } } EXPORT_SYMBOL(del_timer_sync); #endif static int cascade(struct tvec_base *base, struct tvec *tv, int index) { /* cascade all the timers from tv up one level */ struct timer_list *timer, *tmp; struct list_head tv_list; list_replace_init(tv->vec + index, &tv_list); /* * We are removing _all_ timers from the list, so we * don't have to detach them individually. */ list_for_each_entry_safe(timer, tmp, &tv_list, entry) { BUG_ON(tbase_get_base(timer->base) != base); internal_add_timer(base, timer); } return index; } static void call_timer_fn(struct timer_list *timer, void (*fn)(unsigned long), unsigned long data) { int preempt_count = preempt_count(); #ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP /* * It is permissible to free the timer from inside the * function that is called from it, this we need to take into * account for lockdep too. To avoid bogus "held lock freed" * warnings as well as problems when looking into * timer->lockdep_map, make a copy and use that here. */ struct lockdep_map lockdep_map; lockdep_copy_map(&lockdep_map, &timer->lockdep_map); #endif /* * Couple the lock chain with the lock chain at * del_timer_sync() by acquiring the lock_map around the fn() * call here and in del_timer_sync(). */ lock_map_acquire(&lockdep_map); trace_timer_expire_entry(timer); fn(data); trace_timer_expire_exit(timer); lock_map_release(&lockdep_map); if (preempt_count != preempt_count()) { WARN_ONCE(1, "timer: %pF preempt leak: %08x -> %08x\n", fn, preempt_count, preempt_count()); /* * Restore the preempt count. That gives us a decent * chance to survive and extract information. If the * callback kept a lock held, bad luck, but not worse * than the BUG() we had. */ preempt_count() = preempt_count; } } #define INDEX(N) ((base->timer_jiffies >> (TVR_BITS + (N) * TVN_BITS)) & TVN_MASK) /** * __run_timers - run all expired timers (if any) on this CPU. * @base: the timer vector to be processed. * * This function cascades all vectors and executes all expired timer * vectors. */ static inline void __run_timers(struct tvec_base *base) { struct timer_list *timer; spin_lock_irq(&base->lock); while (time_after_eq(jiffies, base->timer_jiffies)) { struct list_head work_list; struct list_head *head = &work_list; int index = base->timer_jiffies & TVR_MASK; /* * Cascade timers: */ if (!index && (!cascade(base, &base->tv2, INDEX(0))) && (!cascade(base, &base->tv3, INDEX(1))) && !cascade(base, &base->tv4, INDEX(2))) cascade(base, &base->tv5, INDEX(3)); ++base->timer_jiffies; list_replace_init(base->tv1.vec + index, &work_list); while (!list_empty(head)) { void (*fn)(unsigned long); unsigned long data; timer = list_first_entry(head, struct timer_list,entry); fn = timer->function; data = timer->data; timer_stats_account_timer(timer); base->running_timer = timer; detach_timer(timer, 1); spin_unlock_irq(&base->lock); call_timer_fn(timer, fn, data); spin_lock_irq(&base->lock); } } base->running_timer = NULL; spin_unlock_irq(&base->lock); } #ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ /* * Find out when the next timer event is due to happen. This * is used on S/390 to stop all activity when a CPU is idle. * This function needs to be called with interrupts disabled. */ static unsigned long __next_timer_interrupt(struct tvec_base *base) { unsigned long timer_jiffies = base->timer_jiffies; unsigned long expires = timer_jiffies + NEXT_TIMER_MAX_DELTA; int index, slot, array, found = 0; struct timer_list *nte; struct tvec *varray[4]; /* Look for timer events in tv1. */ index = slot = timer_jiffies & TVR_MASK; do { list_for_each_entry(nte, base->tv1.vec + slot, entry) { if (tbase_get_deferrable(nte->base)) continue; found = 1; expires = nte->expires; /* Look at the cascade bucket(s)? */ if (!index || slot < index) goto cascade; return expires; } slot = (slot + 1) & TVR_MASK; } while (slot != index); cascade: /* Calculate the next cascade event */ if (index) timer_jiffies += TVR_SIZE - index; timer_jiffies >>= TVR_BITS; /* Check tv2-tv5. */ varray[0] = &base->tv2; varray[1] = &base->tv3; varray[2] = &base->tv4; varray[3] = &base->tv5; for (array = 0; array < 4; array++) { struct tvec *varp = varray[array]; index = slot = timer_jiffies & TVN_MASK; do { list_for_each_entry(nte, varp->vec + slot, entry) { if (tbase_get_deferrable(nte->base)) continue; found = 1; if (time_before(nte->expires, expires)) expires = nte->expires; } /* * Do we still search for the first timer or are * we looking up the cascade buckets ? */ if (found) { /* Look at the cascade bucket(s)? */ if (!index || slot < index) break; return expires; } slot = (slot + 1) & TVN_MASK; } while (slot != index); if (index) timer_jiffies += TVN_SIZE - index; timer_jiffies >>= TVN_BITS; } return expires; } /* * Check, if the next hrtimer event is before the next timer wheel * event: */ static unsigned long cmp_next_hrtimer_event(unsigned long now, unsigned long expires) { ktime_t hr_delta = hrtimer_get_next_event(); struct timespec tsdelta; unsigned long delta; if (hr_delta.tv64 == KTIME_MAX) return expires; /* * Expired timer available, let it expire in the next tick */ if (hr_delta.tv64 <= 0) return now + 1; tsdelta = ktime_to_timespec(hr_delta); delta = timespec_to_jiffies(&tsdelta); /* * Limit the delta to the max value, which is checked in * tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick(): */ if (delta > NEXT_TIMER_MAX_DELTA) delta = NEXT_TIMER_MAX_DELTA; /* * Take rounding errors in to account and make sure, that it * expires in the next tick. Otherwise we go into an endless * ping pong due to tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick() retriggering * the timer softirq */ if (delta < 1) delta = 1; now += delta; if (time_before(now, expires)) return now; return expires; } /** * get_next_timer_interrupt - return the jiffy of the next pending timer * @now: current time (in jiffies) */ unsigned long get_next_timer_interrupt(unsigned long now) { struct tvec_base *base = __this_cpu_read(tvec_bases); unsigned long expires; /* * Pretend that there is no timer pending if the cpu is offline. * Possible pending timers will be migrated later to an active cpu. */ if (cpu_is_offline(smp_processor_id())) return now + NEXT_TIMER_MAX_DELTA; spin_lock(&base->lock); if (time_before_eq(base->next_timer, base->timer_jiffies)) base->next_timer = __next_timer_interrupt(base); expires = base->next_timer; spin_unlock(&base->lock); if (time_before_eq(expires, now)) return now; return cmp_next_hrtimer_event(now, expires); } #endif /* * Called from the timer interrupt handler to charge one tick to the current * process. user_tick is 1 if the tick is user time, 0 for system. */ void update_process_times(int user_tick) { struct task_struct *p = current; int cpu = smp_processor_id(); /* Note: this timer irq context must be accounted for as well. */ account_process_tick(p, user_tick); run_local_timers(); rcu_check_callbacks(cpu, user_tick); printk_tick(); #ifdef CONFIG_IRQ_WORK if (in_irq()) irq_work_run(); #endif scheduler_tick(); run_posix_cpu_timers(p); } /* * This function runs timers and the timer-tq in bottom half context. */ static void run_timer_softirq(struct softirq_action *h) { struct tvec_base *base = __this_cpu_read(tvec_bases); hrtimer_run_pending(); if (time_after_eq(jiffies, base->timer_jiffies)) __run_timers(base); } /* * Called by the local, per-CPU timer interrupt on SMP. */ void run_local_timers(void) { hrtimer_run_queues(); raise_softirq(TIMER_SOFTIRQ); } #ifdef __ARCH_WANT_SYS_ALARM /* * For backwards compatibility? This can be done in libc so Alpha * and all newer ports shouldn't need it. */ SYSCALL_DEFINE1(alarm, unsigned int, seconds) { return alarm_setitimer(seconds); } #endif #ifndef __alpha__ /* * The Alpha uses getxpid, getxuid, and getxgid instead. Maybe this * should be moved into arch/i386 instead? */ /** * sys_getpid - return the thread group id of the current process * * Note, despite the name, this returns the tgid not the pid. The tgid and * the pid are identical unless CLONE_THREAD was specified on clone() in * which case the tgid is the same in all threads of the same group. * * This is SMP safe as current->tgid does not change. */ SYSCALL_DEFINE0(getpid) { return task_tgid_vnr(current); } /* * Accessing ->real_parent is not SMP-safe, it could * change from under us. However, we can use a stale * value of ->real_parent under rcu_read_lock(), see * release_task()->call_rcu(delayed_put_task_struct). */ SYSCALL_DEFINE0(getppid) { int pid; rcu_read_lock(); pid = task_tgid_vnr(rcu_dereference(current->real_parent)); rcu_read_unlock(); return pid; } SYSCALL_DEFINE0(getuid) { /* Only we change this so SMP safe */ return from_kuid_munged(current_user_ns(), current_uid()); } SYSCALL_DEFINE0(geteuid) { /* Only we change this so SMP safe */ return from_kuid_munged(current_user_ns(), current_euid()); } SYSCALL_DEFINE0(getgid) { /* Only we change this so SMP safe */ return from_kgid_munged(current_user_ns(), current_gid()); } SYSCALL_DEFINE0(getegid) { /* Only we change this so SMP safe */ return from_kgid_munged(current_user_ns(), current_egid()); } #endif static void process_timeout(unsigned long __data) { wake_up_process((struct task_struct *)__data); } /** * schedule_timeout - sleep until timeout * @timeout: timeout value in jiffies * * Make the current task sleep until @timeout jiffies have * elapsed. The routine will return immediately unless * the current task state has been set (see set_current_state()). * * You can set the task state as follows - * * %TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE - at least @timeout jiffies are guaranteed to * pass before the routine returns. The routine will return 0 * * %TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE - the routine may return early if a signal is * delivered to the current task. In this case the remaining time * in jiffies will be returned, or 0 if the timer expired in time * * The current task state is guaranteed to be TASK_RUNNING when this * routine returns. * * Specifying a @timeout value of %MAX_SCHEDULE_TIMEOUT will schedule * the CPU away without a bound on the timeout. In this case the return * value will be %MAX_SCHEDULE_TIMEOUT. * * In all cases the return value is guaranteed to be non-negative. */ signed long __sched schedule_timeout(signed long timeout) { struct timer_list timer; unsigned long expire; switch (timeout) { case MAX_SCHEDULE_TIMEOUT: /* * These two special cases are useful to be comfortable * in the caller. Nothing more. We could take * MAX_SCHEDULE_TIMEOUT from one of the negative value * but I' d like to return a valid offset (>=0) to allow * the caller to do everything it want with the retval. */ schedule(); goto out; default: /* * Another bit of PARANOID. Note that the retval will be * 0 since no piece of kernel is supposed to do a check * for a negative retval of schedule_timeout() (since it * should never happens anyway). You just have the printk() * that will tell you if something is gone wrong and where. */ if (timeout < 0) { printk(KERN_ERR "schedule_timeout: wrong timeout " "value %lx\n", timeout); dump_stack(); current->state = TASK_RUNNING; goto out; } } expire = timeout + jiffies; setup_timer_on_stack(&timer, process_timeout, (unsigned long)current); __mod_timer(&timer, expire, false, TIMER_NOT_PINNED); schedule(); del_singleshot_timer_sync(&timer); /* Remove the timer from the object tracker */ destroy_timer_on_stack(&timer); timeout = expire - jiffies; out: return timeout < 0 ? 0 : timeout; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(schedule_timeout); /* * We can use __set_current_state() here because schedule_timeout() calls * schedule() unconditionally. */ signed long __sched schedule_timeout_interruptible(signed long timeout) { __set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE); return schedule_timeout(timeout); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(schedule_timeout_interruptible); signed long __sched schedule_timeout_killable(signed long timeout) { __set_current_state(TASK_KILLABLE); return schedule_timeout(timeout); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(schedule_timeout_killable); signed long __sched schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(signed long timeout) { __set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE); return schedule_timeout(timeout); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(schedule_timeout_uninterruptible); /* Thread ID - the internal kernel "pid" */ SYSCALL_DEFINE0(gettid) { return task_pid_vnr(current); } /** * do_sysinfo - fill in sysinfo struct * @info: pointer to buffer to fill */ int do_sysinfo(struct sysinfo *info) { unsigned long mem_total, sav_total; unsigned int mem_unit, bitcount; struct timespec tp; memset(info, 0, sizeof(struct sysinfo)); ktime_get_ts(&tp); monotonic_to_bootbased(&tp); info->uptime = tp.tv_sec + (tp.tv_nsec ? 1 : 0); get_avenrun(info->loads, 0, SI_LOAD_SHIFT - FSHIFT); info->procs = nr_threads; si_meminfo(info); si_swapinfo(info); /* * If the sum of all the available memory (i.e. ram + swap) * is less than can be stored in a 32 bit unsigned long then * we can be binary compatible with 2.2.x kernels. If not, * well, in that case 2.2.x was broken anyways... * * -Erik Andersen <andersee@debian.org> */ mem_total = info->totalram + info->totalswap; if (mem_total < info->totalram || mem_total < info->totalswap) goto out; bitcount = 0; mem_unit = info->mem_unit; while (mem_unit > 1) { bitcount++; mem_unit >>= 1; sav_total = mem_total; mem_total <<= 1; if (mem_total < sav_total) goto out; } /* * If mem_total did not overflow, multiply all memory values by * info->mem_unit and set it to 1. This leaves things compatible * with 2.2.x, and also retains compatibility with earlier 2.4.x * kernels... */ info->mem_unit = 1; info->totalram <<= bitcount; info->freeram <<= bitcount; info->sharedram <<= bitcount; info->bufferram <<= bitcount; info->totalswap <<= bitcount; info->freeswap <<= bitcount; info->totalhigh <<= bitcount; info->freehigh <<= bitcount; out: return 0; } SYSCALL_DEFINE1(sysinfo, struct sysinfo __user *, info) { struct sysinfo val; do_sysinfo(&val); if (copy_to_user(info, &val, sizeof(struct sysinfo))) return -EFAULT; return 0; } static int __cpuinit init_timers_cpu(int cpu) { int j; struct tvec_base *base; static char __cpuinitdata tvec_base_done[NR_CPUS]; if (!tvec_base_done[cpu]) { static char boot_done; if (boot_done) { /* * The APs use this path later in boot */ base = kmalloc_node(sizeof(*base), GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO, cpu_to_node(cpu)); if (!base) return -ENOMEM; /* Make sure that tvec_base is 2 byte aligned */ if (tbase_get_deferrable(base)) { WARN_ON(1); kfree(base); return -ENOMEM; } per_cpu(tvec_bases, cpu) = base; } else { /* * This is for the boot CPU - we use compile-time * static initialisation because per-cpu memory isn't * ready yet and because the memory allocators are not * initialised either. */ boot_done = 1; base = &boot_tvec_bases; } tvec_base_done[cpu] = 1; } else { base = per_cpu(tvec_bases, cpu); } spin_lock_init(&base->lock); for (j = 0; j < TVN_SIZE; j++) { INIT_LIST_HEAD(base->tv5.vec + j); INIT_LIST_HEAD(base->tv4.vec + j); INIT_LIST_HEAD(base->tv3.vec + j); INIT_LIST_HEAD(base->tv2.vec + j); } for (j = 0; j < TVR_SIZE; j++) INIT_LIST_HEAD(base->tv1.vec + j); base->timer_jiffies = jiffies; base->next_timer = base->timer_jiffies; return 0; } #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU static void migrate_timer_list(struct tvec_base *new_base, struct list_head *head) { struct timer_list *timer; while (!list_empty(head)) { timer = list_first_entry(head, struct timer_list, entry); detach_timer(timer, 0); timer_set_base(timer, new_base); if (time_before(timer->expires, new_base->next_timer) && !tbase_get_deferrable(timer->base)) new_base->next_timer = timer->expires; internal_add_timer(new_base, timer); } } static void __cpuinit migrate_timers(int cpu) { struct tvec_base *old_base; struct tvec_base *new_base; int i; BUG_ON(cpu_online(cpu)); old_base = per_cpu(tvec_bases, cpu); new_base = get_cpu_var(tvec_bases); /* * The caller is globally serialized and nobody else * takes two locks at once, deadlock is not possible. */ spin_lock_irq(&new_base->lock); spin_lock_nested(&old_base->lock, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING); BUG_ON(old_base->running_timer); for (i = 0; i < TVR_SIZE; i++) migrate_timer_list(new_base, old_base->tv1.vec + i); for (i = 0; i < TVN_SIZE; i++) { migrate_timer_list(new_base, old_base->tv2.vec + i); migrate_timer_list(new_base, old_base->tv3.vec + i); migrate_timer_list(new_base, old_base->tv4.vec + i); migrate_timer_list(new_base, old_base->tv5.vec + i); } spin_unlock(&old_base->lock); spin_unlock_irq(&new_base->lock); put_cpu_var(tvec_bases); } #endif /* CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */ static int __cpuinit timer_cpu_notify(struct notifier_block *self, unsigned long action, void *hcpu) { long cpu = (long)hcpu; int err; switch(action) { case CPU_UP_PREPARE: case CPU_UP_PREPARE_FROZEN: err = init_timers_cpu(cpu); if (err < 0) return notifier_from_errno(err); break; #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU case CPU_DEAD: case CPU_DEAD_FROZEN: migrate_timers(cpu); break; #endif default: break; } return NOTIFY_OK; } static struct notifier_block __cpuinitdata timers_nb = { .notifier_call = timer_cpu_notify, }; void __init init_timers(void) { int err = timer_cpu_notify(&timers_nb, (unsigned long)CPU_UP_PREPARE, (void *)(long)smp_processor_id()); init_timer_stats(); BUG_ON(err != NOTIFY_OK); register_cpu_notifier(&timers_nb); open_softirq(TIMER_SOFTIRQ, run_timer_softirq); } /** * msleep - sleep safely even with waitqueue interruptions * @msecs: Time in milliseconds to sleep for */ void msleep(unsigned int msecs) { unsigned long timeout = msecs_to_jiffies(msecs) + 1; while (timeout) timeout = schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(timeout); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(msleep); /** * msleep_interruptible - sleep waiting for signals * @msecs: Time in milliseconds to sleep for */ unsigned long msleep_interruptible(unsigned int msecs) { unsigned long timeout = msecs_to_jiffies(msecs) + 1; while (timeout && !signal_pending(current)) timeout = schedule_timeout_interruptible(timeout); return jiffies_to_msecs(timeout); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(msleep_interruptible); static int __sched do_usleep_range(unsigned long min, unsigned long max) { ktime_t kmin; unsigned long delta; kmin = ktime_set(0, min * NSEC_PER_USEC); delta = (max - min) * NSEC_PER_USEC; return schedule_hrtimeout_range(&kmin, delta, HRTIMER_MODE_REL); } /** * usleep_range - Drop in replacement for udelay where wakeup is flexible * @min: Minimum time in usecs to sleep * @max: Maximum time in usecs to sleep */ void usleep_range(unsigned long min, unsigned long max) { __set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE); do_usleep_range(min, max); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(usleep_range);