summaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/fs/ocfs2/suballoc.c
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
Diffstat (limited to 'fs/ocfs2/suballoc.c')
-rw-r--r--fs/ocfs2/suballoc.c688
1 files changed, 460 insertions, 228 deletions
diff --git a/fs/ocfs2/suballoc.c b/fs/ocfs2/suballoc.c
index 19ba00f2854..f4c2a9eb8c4 100644
--- a/fs/ocfs2/suballoc.c
+++ b/fs/ocfs2/suballoc.c
@@ -53,6 +53,15 @@
#define OCFS2_MAX_TO_STEAL 1024
+struct ocfs2_suballoc_result {
+ u64 sr_bg_blkno; /* The bg we allocated from. Set
+ to 0 when a block group is
+ contiguous. */
+ u64 sr_blkno; /* The first allocated block */
+ unsigned int sr_bit_offset; /* The bit in the bg */
+ unsigned int sr_bits; /* How many bits we claimed */
+};
+
static inline void ocfs2_debug_bg(struct ocfs2_group_desc *bg);
static inline void ocfs2_debug_suballoc_inode(struct ocfs2_dinode *fe);
static inline u16 ocfs2_find_victim_chain(struct ocfs2_chain_list *cl);
@@ -60,6 +69,7 @@ static int ocfs2_block_group_fill(handle_t *handle,
struct inode *alloc_inode,
struct buffer_head *bg_bh,
u64 group_blkno,
+ unsigned int group_clusters,
u16 my_chain,
struct ocfs2_chain_list *cl);
static int ocfs2_block_group_alloc(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
@@ -73,20 +83,17 @@ static int ocfs2_cluster_group_search(struct inode *inode,
struct buffer_head *group_bh,
u32 bits_wanted, u32 min_bits,
u64 max_block,
- u16 *bit_off, u16 *bits_found);
+ struct ocfs2_suballoc_result *res);
static int ocfs2_block_group_search(struct inode *inode,
struct buffer_head *group_bh,
u32 bits_wanted, u32 min_bits,
u64 max_block,
- u16 *bit_off, u16 *bits_found);
-static int ocfs2_claim_suballoc_bits(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
- struct ocfs2_alloc_context *ac,
+ struct ocfs2_suballoc_result *res);
+static int ocfs2_claim_suballoc_bits(struct ocfs2_alloc_context *ac,
handle_t *handle,
u32 bits_wanted,
u32 min_bits,
- u16 *bit_off,
- unsigned int *num_bits,
- u64 *bg_blkno);
+ struct ocfs2_suballoc_result *res);
static int ocfs2_test_bg_bit_allocatable(struct buffer_head *bg_bh,
int nr);
static inline int ocfs2_block_group_set_bits(handle_t *handle,
@@ -130,6 +137,7 @@ void ocfs2_free_ac_resource(struct ocfs2_alloc_context *ac)
}
brelse(ac->ac_bh);
ac->ac_bh = NULL;
+ ac->ac_resv = NULL;
}
void ocfs2_free_alloc_context(struct ocfs2_alloc_context *ac)
@@ -325,14 +333,38 @@ out:
return rc;
}
+static void ocfs2_bg_discontig_add_extent(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
+ struct ocfs2_group_desc *bg,
+ struct ocfs2_chain_list *cl,
+ u64 p_blkno, u32 clusters)
+{
+ struct ocfs2_extent_list *el = &bg->bg_list;
+ struct ocfs2_extent_rec *rec;
+
+ BUG_ON(!ocfs2_supports_discontig_bg(osb));
+ if (!el->l_next_free_rec)
+ el->l_count = cpu_to_le16(ocfs2_extent_recs_per_gd(osb->sb));
+ rec = &el->l_recs[le16_to_cpu(el->l_next_free_rec)];
+ rec->e_blkno = cpu_to_le64(p_blkno);
+ rec->e_cpos = cpu_to_le32(le16_to_cpu(bg->bg_bits) /
+ le16_to_cpu(cl->cl_bpc));
+ rec->e_leaf_clusters = cpu_to_le32(clusters);
+ le16_add_cpu(&bg->bg_bits, clusters * le16_to_cpu(cl->cl_bpc));
+ le16_add_cpu(&bg->bg_free_bits_count,
+ clusters * le16_to_cpu(cl->cl_bpc));
+ le16_add_cpu(&el->l_next_free_rec, 1);
+}
+
static int ocfs2_block_group_fill(handle_t *handle,
struct inode *alloc_inode,
struct buffer_head *bg_bh,
u64 group_blkno,
+ unsigned int group_clusters,
u16 my_chain,
struct ocfs2_chain_list *cl)
{
int status = 0;
+ struct ocfs2_super *osb = OCFS2_SB(alloc_inode->i_sb);
struct ocfs2_group_desc *bg = (struct ocfs2_group_desc *) bg_bh->b_data;
struct super_block * sb = alloc_inode->i_sb;
@@ -359,19 +391,23 @@ static int ocfs2_block_group_fill(handle_t *handle,
memset(bg, 0, sb->s_blocksize);
strcpy(bg->bg_signature, OCFS2_GROUP_DESC_SIGNATURE);
bg->bg_generation = cpu_to_le32(OCFS2_SB(sb)->fs_generation);
- bg->bg_size = cpu_to_le16(ocfs2_group_bitmap_size(sb));
- bg->bg_bits = cpu_to_le16(ocfs2_bits_per_group(cl));
+ bg->bg_size = cpu_to_le16(ocfs2_group_bitmap_size(sb, 1,
+ osb->s_feature_incompat));
bg->bg_chain = cpu_to_le16(my_chain);
bg->bg_next_group = cl->cl_recs[my_chain].c_blkno;
bg->bg_parent_dinode = cpu_to_le64(OCFS2_I(alloc_inode)->ip_blkno);
bg->bg_blkno = cpu_to_le64(group_blkno);
+ if (group_clusters == le16_to_cpu(cl->cl_cpg))
+ bg->bg_bits = cpu_to_le16(ocfs2_bits_per_group(cl));
+ else
+ ocfs2_bg_discontig_add_extent(osb, bg, cl, group_blkno,
+ group_clusters);
+
/* set the 1st bit in the bitmap to account for the descriptor block */
ocfs2_set_bit(0, (unsigned long *)bg->bg_bitmap);
bg->bg_free_bits_count = cpu_to_le16(le16_to_cpu(bg->bg_bits) - 1);
- status = ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, bg_bh);
- if (status < 0)
- mlog_errno(status);
+ ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, bg_bh);
/* There is no need to zero out or otherwise initialize the
* other blocks in a group - All valid FS metadata in a block
@@ -397,6 +433,238 @@ static inline u16 ocfs2_find_smallest_chain(struct ocfs2_chain_list *cl)
return best;
}
+static struct buffer_head *
+ocfs2_block_group_alloc_contig(struct ocfs2_super *osb, handle_t *handle,
+ struct inode *alloc_inode,
+ struct ocfs2_alloc_context *ac,
+ struct ocfs2_chain_list *cl)
+{
+ int status;
+ u32 bit_off, num_bits;
+ u64 bg_blkno;
+ struct buffer_head *bg_bh;
+ unsigned int alloc_rec = ocfs2_find_smallest_chain(cl);
+
+ status = ocfs2_claim_clusters(handle, ac,
+ le16_to_cpu(cl->cl_cpg), &bit_off,
+ &num_bits);
+ if (status < 0) {
+ if (status != -ENOSPC)
+ mlog_errno(status);
+ goto bail;
+ }
+
+ /* setup the group */
+ bg_blkno = ocfs2_clusters_to_blocks(osb->sb, bit_off);
+ mlog(0, "new descriptor, record %u, at block %llu\n",
+ alloc_rec, (unsigned long long)bg_blkno);
+
+ bg_bh = sb_getblk(osb->sb, bg_blkno);
+ if (!bg_bh) {
+ status = -EIO;
+ mlog_errno(status);
+ goto bail;
+ }
+ ocfs2_set_new_buffer_uptodate(INODE_CACHE(alloc_inode), bg_bh);
+
+ status = ocfs2_block_group_fill(handle, alloc_inode, bg_bh,
+ bg_blkno, num_bits, alloc_rec, cl);
+ if (status < 0) {
+ brelse(bg_bh);
+ mlog_errno(status);
+ }
+
+bail:
+ return status ? ERR_PTR(status) : bg_bh;
+}
+
+static int ocfs2_block_group_claim_bits(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
+ handle_t *handle,
+ struct ocfs2_alloc_context *ac,
+ unsigned int min_bits,
+ u32 *bit_off, u32 *num_bits)
+{
+ int status = 0;
+
+ while (min_bits) {
+ status = ocfs2_claim_clusters(handle, ac, min_bits,
+ bit_off, num_bits);
+ if (status != -ENOSPC)
+ break;
+
+ min_bits >>= 1;
+ }
+
+ return status;
+}
+
+static int ocfs2_block_group_grow_discontig(handle_t *handle,
+ struct inode *alloc_inode,
+ struct buffer_head *bg_bh,
+ struct ocfs2_alloc_context *ac,
+ struct ocfs2_chain_list *cl,
+ unsigned int min_bits)
+{
+ int status;
+ struct ocfs2_super *osb = OCFS2_SB(alloc_inode->i_sb);
+ struct ocfs2_group_desc *bg =
+ (struct ocfs2_group_desc *)bg_bh->b_data;
+ unsigned int needed = le16_to_cpu(cl->cl_cpg) -
+ le16_to_cpu(bg->bg_bits) / le16_to_cpu(cl->cl_bpc);
+ u32 p_cpos, clusters;
+ u64 p_blkno;
+ struct ocfs2_extent_list *el = &bg->bg_list;
+
+ status = ocfs2_journal_access_gd(handle,
+ INODE_CACHE(alloc_inode),
+ bg_bh,
+ OCFS2_JOURNAL_ACCESS_CREATE);
+ if (status < 0) {
+ mlog_errno(status);
+ goto bail;
+ }
+
+ while ((needed > 0) && (le16_to_cpu(el->l_next_free_rec) <
+ le16_to_cpu(el->l_count))) {
+ if (min_bits > needed)
+ min_bits = needed;
+ status = ocfs2_block_group_claim_bits(osb, handle, ac,
+ min_bits, &p_cpos,
+ &clusters);
+ if (status < 0) {
+ if (status != -ENOSPC)
+ mlog_errno(status);
+ goto bail;
+ }
+ p_blkno = ocfs2_clusters_to_blocks(osb->sb, p_cpos);
+ ocfs2_bg_discontig_add_extent(osb, bg, cl, p_blkno,
+ clusters);
+
+ min_bits = clusters;
+ needed = le16_to_cpu(cl->cl_cpg) -
+ le16_to_cpu(bg->bg_bits) / le16_to_cpu(cl->cl_bpc);
+ }
+
+ if (needed > 0) {
+ /*
+ * We have used up all the extent rec but can't fill up
+ * the cpg. So bail out.
+ */
+ status = -ENOSPC;
+ goto bail;
+ }
+
+ ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, bg_bh);
+
+bail:
+ return status;
+}
+
+static void ocfs2_bg_alloc_cleanup(handle_t *handle,
+ struct ocfs2_alloc_context *cluster_ac,
+ struct inode *alloc_inode,
+ struct buffer_head *bg_bh)
+{
+ int i, ret;
+ struct ocfs2_group_desc *bg;
+ struct ocfs2_extent_list *el;
+ struct ocfs2_extent_rec *rec;
+
+ if (!bg_bh)
+ return;
+
+ bg = (struct ocfs2_group_desc *)bg_bh->b_data;
+ el = &bg->bg_list;
+ for (i = 0; i < le16_to_cpu(el->l_next_free_rec); i++) {
+ rec = &el->l_recs[i];
+ ret = ocfs2_free_clusters(handle, cluster_ac->ac_inode,
+ cluster_ac->ac_bh,
+ le64_to_cpu(rec->e_blkno),
+ le32_to_cpu(rec->e_leaf_clusters));
+ if (ret)
+ mlog_errno(ret);
+ /* Try all the clusters to free */
+ }
+
+ ocfs2_remove_from_cache(INODE_CACHE(alloc_inode), bg_bh);
+ brelse(bg_bh);
+}
+
+static struct buffer_head *
+ocfs2_block_group_alloc_discontig(handle_t *handle,
+ struct inode *alloc_inode,
+ struct ocfs2_alloc_context *ac,
+ struct ocfs2_chain_list *cl)
+{
+ int status;
+ u32 bit_off, num_bits;
+ u64 bg_blkno;
+ unsigned int min_bits = le16_to_cpu(cl->cl_cpg) >> 1;
+ struct buffer_head *bg_bh = NULL;
+ unsigned int alloc_rec = ocfs2_find_smallest_chain(cl);
+ struct ocfs2_super *osb = OCFS2_SB(alloc_inode->i_sb);
+
+ if (!ocfs2_supports_discontig_bg(osb)) {
+ status = -ENOSPC;
+ goto bail;
+ }
+
+ status = ocfs2_extend_trans(handle,
+ ocfs2_calc_bg_discontig_credits(osb->sb));
+ if (status) {
+ mlog_errno(status);
+ goto bail;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * We're going to be grabbing from multiple cluster groups.
+ * We don't have enough credits to relink them all, and the
+ * cluster groups will be staying in cache for the duration of
+ * this operation.
+ */
+ ac->ac_allow_chain_relink = 0;
+
+ /* Claim the first region */
+ status = ocfs2_block_group_claim_bits(osb, handle, ac, min_bits,
+ &bit_off, &num_bits);
+ if (status < 0) {
+ if (status != -ENOSPC)
+ mlog_errno(status);
+ goto bail;
+ }
+ min_bits = num_bits;
+
+ /* setup the group */
+ bg_blkno = ocfs2_clusters_to_blocks(osb->sb, bit_off);
+ mlog(0, "new descriptor, record %u, at block %llu\n",
+ alloc_rec, (unsigned long long)bg_blkno);
+
+ bg_bh = sb_getblk(osb->sb, bg_blkno);
+ if (!bg_bh) {
+ status = -EIO;
+ mlog_errno(status);
+ goto bail;
+ }
+ ocfs2_set_new_buffer_uptodate(INODE_CACHE(alloc_inode), bg_bh);
+
+ status = ocfs2_block_group_fill(handle, alloc_inode, bg_bh,
+ bg_blkno, num_bits, alloc_rec, cl);
+ if (status < 0) {
+ mlog_errno(status);
+ goto bail;
+ }
+
+ status = ocfs2_block_group_grow_discontig(handle, alloc_inode,
+ bg_bh, ac, cl, min_bits);
+ if (status)
+ mlog_errno(status);
+
+bail:
+ if (status)
+ ocfs2_bg_alloc_cleanup(handle, ac, alloc_inode, bg_bh);
+ return status ? ERR_PTR(status) : bg_bh;
+}
+
/*
* We expect the block group allocator to already be locked.
*/
@@ -412,9 +680,7 @@ static int ocfs2_block_group_alloc(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
struct ocfs2_chain_list *cl;
struct ocfs2_alloc_context *ac = NULL;
handle_t *handle = NULL;
- u32 bit_off, num_bits;
u16 alloc_rec;
- u64 bg_blkno;
struct buffer_head *bg_bh = NULL;
struct ocfs2_group_desc *bg;
@@ -447,44 +713,20 @@ static int ocfs2_block_group_alloc(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
(unsigned long long)*last_alloc_group);
ac->ac_last_group = *last_alloc_group;
}
- status = ocfs2_claim_clusters(osb,
- handle,
- ac,
- le16_to_cpu(cl->cl_cpg),
- &bit_off,
- &num_bits);
- if (status < 0) {
+
+ bg_bh = ocfs2_block_group_alloc_contig(osb, handle, alloc_inode,
+ ac, cl);
+ if (IS_ERR(bg_bh) && (PTR_ERR(bg_bh) == -ENOSPC))
+ bg_bh = ocfs2_block_group_alloc_discontig(handle,
+ alloc_inode,
+ ac, cl);
+ if (IS_ERR(bg_bh)) {
+ status = PTR_ERR(bg_bh);
+ bg_bh = NULL;
if (status != -ENOSPC)
mlog_errno(status);
goto bail;
}
-
- alloc_rec = ocfs2_find_smallest_chain(cl);
-
- /* setup the group */
- bg_blkno = ocfs2_clusters_to_blocks(osb->sb, bit_off);
- mlog(0, "new descriptor, record %u, at block %llu\n",
- alloc_rec, (unsigned long long)bg_blkno);
-
- bg_bh = sb_getblk(osb->sb, bg_blkno);
- if (!bg_bh) {
- status = -EIO;
- mlog_errno(status);
- goto bail;
- }
- ocfs2_set_new_buffer_uptodate(INODE_CACHE(alloc_inode), bg_bh);
-
- status = ocfs2_block_group_fill(handle,
- alloc_inode,
- bg_bh,
- bg_blkno,
- alloc_rec,
- cl);
- if (status < 0) {
- mlog_errno(status);
- goto bail;
- }
-
bg = (struct ocfs2_group_desc *) bg_bh->b_data;
status = ocfs2_journal_access_di(handle, INODE_CACHE(alloc_inode),
@@ -494,10 +736,12 @@ static int ocfs2_block_group_alloc(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
goto bail;
}
+ alloc_rec = le16_to_cpu(bg->bg_chain);
le32_add_cpu(&cl->cl_recs[alloc_rec].c_free,
le16_to_cpu(bg->bg_free_bits_count));
- le32_add_cpu(&cl->cl_recs[alloc_rec].c_total, le16_to_cpu(bg->bg_bits));
- cl->cl_recs[alloc_rec].c_blkno = cpu_to_le64(bg_blkno);
+ le32_add_cpu(&cl->cl_recs[alloc_rec].c_total,
+ le16_to_cpu(bg->bg_bits));
+ cl->cl_recs[alloc_rec].c_blkno = cpu_to_le64(bg->bg_blkno);
if (le16_to_cpu(cl->cl_next_free_rec) < le16_to_cpu(cl->cl_count))
le16_add_cpu(&cl->cl_next_free_rec, 1);
@@ -506,11 +750,7 @@ static int ocfs2_block_group_alloc(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
le32_add_cpu(&fe->id1.bitmap1.i_total, le16_to_cpu(bg->bg_bits));
le32_add_cpu(&fe->i_clusters, le16_to_cpu(cl->cl_cpg));
- status = ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, bh);
- if (status < 0) {
- mlog_errno(status);
- goto bail;
- }
+ ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, bh);
spin_lock(&OCFS2_I(alloc_inode)->ip_lock);
OCFS2_I(alloc_inode)->ip_clusters = le32_to_cpu(fe->i_clusters);
@@ -760,7 +1000,7 @@ int ocfs2_reserve_new_metadata_blocks(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
status = ocfs2_reserve_suballoc_bits(osb, (*ac),
EXTENT_ALLOC_SYSTEM_INODE,
(u32)osb->slot_num, NULL,
- ALLOC_NEW_GROUP);
+ ALLOC_GROUPS_FROM_GLOBAL|ALLOC_NEW_GROUP);
if (status >= 0) {
@@ -946,11 +1186,7 @@ static int ocfs2_reserve_clusters_with_limit(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
status = ocfs2_reserve_local_alloc_bits(osb,
bits_wanted,
*ac);
- if (status == -EFBIG) {
- /* The local alloc window is outside ac_max_block.
- * use the main bitmap. */
- status = -ENOSPC;
- } else if ((status < 0) && (status != -ENOSPC)) {
+ if ((status < 0) && (status != -ENOSPC)) {
mlog_errno(status);
goto bail;
}
@@ -1033,8 +1269,7 @@ static int ocfs2_block_group_find_clear_bits(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
struct buffer_head *bg_bh,
unsigned int bits_wanted,
unsigned int total_bits,
- u16 *bit_off,
- u16 *bits_found)
+ struct ocfs2_suballoc_result *res)
{
void *bitmap;
u16 best_offset, best_size;
@@ -1078,14 +1313,9 @@ static int ocfs2_block_group_find_clear_bits(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
}
}
- /* XXX: I think the first clause is equivalent to the second
- * - jlbec */
- if (found == bits_wanted) {
- *bit_off = start - found;
- *bits_found = found;
- } else if (best_size) {
- *bit_off = best_offset;
- *bits_found = best_size;
+ if (best_size) {
+ res->sr_bit_offset = best_offset;
+ res->sr_bits = best_size;
} else {
status = -ENOSPC;
/* No error log here -- see the comment above
@@ -1129,16 +1359,10 @@ static inline int ocfs2_block_group_set_bits(handle_t *handle,
}
le16_add_cpu(&bg->bg_free_bits_count, -num_bits);
-
while(num_bits--)
ocfs2_set_bit(bit_off++, bitmap);
- status = ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle,
- group_bh);
- if (status < 0) {
- mlog_errno(status);
- goto bail;
- }
+ ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, group_bh);
bail:
mlog_exit(status);
@@ -1202,12 +1426,7 @@ static int ocfs2_relink_block_group(handle_t *handle,
}
prev_bg->bg_next_group = bg->bg_next_group;
-
- status = ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, prev_bg_bh);
- if (status < 0) {
- mlog_errno(status);
- goto out_rollback;
- }
+ ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, prev_bg_bh);
status = ocfs2_journal_access_gd(handle, INODE_CACHE(alloc_inode),
bg_bh, OCFS2_JOURNAL_ACCESS_WRITE);
@@ -1217,12 +1436,7 @@ static int ocfs2_relink_block_group(handle_t *handle,
}
bg->bg_next_group = fe->id2.i_chain.cl_recs[chain].c_blkno;
-
- status = ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, bg_bh);
- if (status < 0) {
- mlog_errno(status);
- goto out_rollback;
- }
+ ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, bg_bh);
status = ocfs2_journal_access_di(handle, INODE_CACHE(alloc_inode),
fe_bh, OCFS2_JOURNAL_ACCESS_WRITE);
@@ -1232,14 +1446,8 @@ static int ocfs2_relink_block_group(handle_t *handle,
}
fe->id2.i_chain.cl_recs[chain].c_blkno = bg->bg_blkno;
+ ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, fe_bh);
- status = ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, fe_bh);
- if (status < 0) {
- mlog_errno(status);
- goto out_rollback;
- }
-
- status = 0;
out_rollback:
if (status < 0) {
fe->id2.i_chain.cl_recs[chain].c_blkno = cpu_to_le64(fe_ptr);
@@ -1263,14 +1471,13 @@ static int ocfs2_cluster_group_search(struct inode *inode,
struct buffer_head *group_bh,
u32 bits_wanted, u32 min_bits,
u64 max_block,
- u16 *bit_off, u16 *bits_found)
+ struct ocfs2_suballoc_result *res)
{
int search = -ENOSPC;
int ret;
u64 blkoff;
struct ocfs2_group_desc *gd = (struct ocfs2_group_desc *) group_bh->b_data;
struct ocfs2_super *osb = OCFS2_SB(inode->i_sb);
- u16 tmp_off, tmp_found;
unsigned int max_bits, gd_cluster_off;
BUG_ON(!ocfs2_is_cluster_bitmap(inode));
@@ -1297,15 +1504,15 @@ static int ocfs2_cluster_group_search(struct inode *inode,
ret = ocfs2_block_group_find_clear_bits(OCFS2_SB(inode->i_sb),
group_bh, bits_wanted,
- max_bits,
- &tmp_off, &tmp_found);
+ max_bits, res);
if (ret)
return ret;
if (max_block) {
blkoff = ocfs2_clusters_to_blocks(inode->i_sb,
gd_cluster_off +
- tmp_off + tmp_found);
+ res->sr_bit_offset +
+ res->sr_bits);
mlog(0, "Checking %llu against %llu\n",
(unsigned long long)blkoff,
(unsigned long long)max_block);
@@ -1317,16 +1524,14 @@ static int ocfs2_cluster_group_search(struct inode *inode,
* return success, but we still want to return
* -ENOSPC unless it found the minimum number
* of bits. */
- if (min_bits <= tmp_found) {
- *bit_off = tmp_off;
- *bits_found = tmp_found;
+ if (min_bits <= res->sr_bits)
search = 0; /* success */
- } else if (tmp_found) {
+ else if (res->sr_bits) {
/*
* Don't show bits which we'll be returning
* for allocation to the local alloc bitmap.
*/
- ocfs2_local_alloc_seen_free_bits(osb, tmp_found);
+ ocfs2_local_alloc_seen_free_bits(osb, res->sr_bits);
}
}
@@ -1337,7 +1542,7 @@ static int ocfs2_block_group_search(struct inode *inode,
struct buffer_head *group_bh,
u32 bits_wanted, u32 min_bits,
u64 max_block,
- u16 *bit_off, u16 *bits_found)
+ struct ocfs2_suballoc_result *res)
{
int ret = -ENOSPC;
u64 blkoff;
@@ -1350,10 +1555,10 @@ static int ocfs2_block_group_search(struct inode *inode,
ret = ocfs2_block_group_find_clear_bits(OCFS2_SB(inode->i_sb),
group_bh, bits_wanted,
le16_to_cpu(bg->bg_bits),
- bit_off, bits_found);
+ res);
if (!ret && max_block) {
- blkoff = le64_to_cpu(bg->bg_blkno) + *bit_off +
- *bits_found;
+ blkoff = le64_to_cpu(bg->bg_blkno) +
+ res->sr_bit_offset + res->sr_bits;
mlog(0, "Checking %llu against %llu\n",
(unsigned long long)blkoff,
(unsigned long long)max_block);
@@ -1386,33 +1591,76 @@ static int ocfs2_alloc_dinode_update_counts(struct inode *inode,
tmp_used = le32_to_cpu(di->id1.bitmap1.i_used);
di->id1.bitmap1.i_used = cpu_to_le32(num_bits + tmp_used);
le32_add_cpu(&cl->cl_recs[chain].c_free, -num_bits);
-
- ret = ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, di_bh);
- if (ret < 0)
- mlog_errno(ret);
+ ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, di_bh);
out:
return ret;
}
+static int ocfs2_bg_discontig_fix_by_rec(struct ocfs2_suballoc_result *res,
+ struct ocfs2_extent_rec *rec,
+ struct ocfs2_chain_list *cl)
+{
+ unsigned int bpc = le16_to_cpu(cl->cl_bpc);
+ unsigned int bitoff = le32_to_cpu(rec->e_cpos) * bpc;
+ unsigned int bitcount = le32_to_cpu(rec->e_leaf_clusters) * bpc;
+
+ if (res->sr_bit_offset < bitoff)
+ return 0;
+ if (res->sr_bit_offset >= (bitoff + bitcount))
+ return 0;
+ res->sr_blkno = le64_to_cpu(rec->e_blkno) +
+ (res->sr_bit_offset - bitoff);
+ if ((res->sr_bit_offset + res->sr_bits) > (bitoff + bitcount))
+ res->sr_bits = (bitoff + bitcount) - res->sr_bit_offset;
+ return 1;
+}
+
+static void ocfs2_bg_discontig_fix_result(struct ocfs2_alloc_context *ac,
+ struct ocfs2_group_desc *bg,
+ struct ocfs2_suballoc_result *res)
+{
+ int i;
+ u64 bg_blkno = res->sr_bg_blkno; /* Save off */
+ struct ocfs2_extent_rec *rec;
+ struct ocfs2_dinode *di = (struct ocfs2_dinode *)ac->ac_bh->b_data;
+ struct ocfs2_chain_list *cl = &di->id2.i_chain;
+
+ if (ocfs2_is_cluster_bitmap(ac->ac_inode)) {
+ res->sr_blkno = 0;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ res->sr_blkno = res->sr_bg_blkno + res->sr_bit_offset;
+ res->sr_bg_blkno = 0; /* Clear it for contig block groups */
+ if (!ocfs2_supports_discontig_bg(OCFS2_SB(ac->ac_inode->i_sb)) ||
+ !bg->bg_list.l_next_free_rec)
+ return;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < le16_to_cpu(bg->bg_list.l_next_free_rec); i++) {
+ rec = &bg->bg_list.l_recs[i];
+ if (ocfs2_bg_discontig_fix_by_rec(res, rec, cl)) {
+ res->sr_bg_blkno = bg_blkno; /* Restore */
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
static int ocfs2_search_one_group(struct ocfs2_alloc_context *ac,
handle_t *handle,
u32 bits_wanted,
u32 min_bits,
- u16 *bit_off,
- unsigned int *num_bits,
- u64 gd_blkno,
+ struct ocfs2_suballoc_result *res,
u16 *bits_left)
{
int ret;
- u16 found;
struct buffer_head *group_bh = NULL;
struct ocfs2_group_desc *gd;
struct ocfs2_dinode *di = (struct ocfs2_dinode *)ac->ac_bh->b_data;
struct inode *alloc_inode = ac->ac_inode;
- ret = ocfs2_read_group_descriptor(alloc_inode, di, gd_blkno,
- &group_bh);
+ ret = ocfs2_read_group_descriptor(alloc_inode, di,
+ res->sr_bg_blkno, &group_bh);
if (ret < 0) {
mlog_errno(ret);
return ret;
@@ -1420,17 +1668,18 @@ static int ocfs2_search_one_group(struct ocfs2_alloc_context *ac,
gd = (struct ocfs2_group_desc *) group_bh->b_data;
ret = ac->ac_group_search(alloc_inode, group_bh, bits_wanted, min_bits,
- ac->ac_max_block, bit_off, &found);
+ ac->ac_max_block, res);
if (ret < 0) {
if (ret != -ENOSPC)
mlog_errno(ret);
goto out;
}
- *num_bits = found;
+ if (!ret)
+ ocfs2_bg_discontig_fix_result(ac, gd, res);
ret = ocfs2_alloc_dinode_update_counts(alloc_inode, handle, ac->ac_bh,
- *num_bits,
+ res->sr_bits,
le16_to_cpu(gd->bg_chain));
if (ret < 0) {
mlog_errno(ret);
@@ -1438,7 +1687,7 @@ static int ocfs2_search_one_group(struct ocfs2_alloc_context *ac,
}
ret = ocfs2_block_group_set_bits(handle, alloc_inode, gd, group_bh,
- *bit_off, *num_bits);
+ res->sr_bit_offset, res->sr_bits);
if (ret < 0)
mlog_errno(ret);
@@ -1454,13 +1703,11 @@ static int ocfs2_search_chain(struct ocfs2_alloc_context *ac,
handle_t *handle,
u32 bits_wanted,
u32 min_bits,
- u16 *bit_off,
- unsigned int *num_bits,
- u64 *bg_blkno,
+ struct ocfs2_suballoc_result *res,
u16 *bits_left)
{
int status;
- u16 chain, tmp_bits;
+ u16 chain;
u32 tmp_used;
u64 next_group;
struct inode *alloc_inode = ac->ac_inode;
@@ -1489,8 +1736,8 @@ static int ocfs2_search_chain(struct ocfs2_alloc_context *ac,
* the 1st group with any empty bits. */
while ((status = ac->ac_group_search(alloc_inode, group_bh,
bits_wanted, min_bits,
- ac->ac_max_block, bit_off,
- &tmp_bits)) == -ENOSPC) {
+ ac->ac_max_block,
+ res)) == -ENOSPC) {
if (!bg->bg_next_group)
break;
@@ -1515,11 +1762,14 @@ static int ocfs2_search_chain(struct ocfs2_alloc_context *ac,
}
mlog(0, "alloc succeeds: we give %u bits from block group %llu\n",
- tmp_bits, (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(bg->bg_blkno));
+ res->sr_bits, (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(bg->bg_blkno));
- *num_bits = tmp_bits;
+ res->sr_bg_blkno = le64_to_cpu(bg->bg_blkno);
+
+ BUG_ON(res->sr_bits == 0);
+ if (!status)
+ ocfs2_bg_discontig_fix_result(ac, bg, res);
- BUG_ON(*num_bits == 0);
/*
* Keep track of previous block descriptor read. When
@@ -1536,7 +1786,7 @@ static int ocfs2_search_chain(struct ocfs2_alloc_context *ac,
*/
if (ac->ac_allow_chain_relink &&
(prev_group_bh) &&
- (ocfs2_block_group_reasonably_empty(bg, *num_bits))) {
+ (ocfs2_block_group_reasonably_empty(bg, res->sr_bits))) {
status = ocfs2_relink_block_group(handle, alloc_inode,
ac->ac_bh, group_bh,
prev_group_bh, chain);
@@ -1558,31 +1808,24 @@ static int ocfs2_search_chain(struct ocfs2_alloc_context *ac,
}
tmp_used = le32_to_cpu(fe->id1.bitmap1.i_used);
- fe->id1.bitmap1.i_used = cpu_to_le32(*num_bits + tmp_used);
- le32_add_cpu(&cl->cl_recs[chain].c_free, -(*num_bits));
-
- status = ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle,
- ac->ac_bh);
- if (status < 0) {
- mlog_errno(status);
- goto bail;
- }
+ fe->id1.bitmap1.i_used = cpu_to_le32(res->sr_bits + tmp_used);
+ le32_add_cpu(&cl->cl_recs[chain].c_free, -res->sr_bits);
+ ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, ac->ac_bh);
status = ocfs2_block_group_set_bits(handle,
alloc_inode,
bg,
group_bh,
- *bit_off,
- *num_bits);
+ res->sr_bit_offset,
+ res->sr_bits);
if (status < 0) {
mlog_errno(status);
goto bail;
}
- mlog(0, "Allocated %u bits from suballocator %llu\n", *num_bits,
+ mlog(0, "Allocated %u bits from suballocator %llu\n", res->sr_bits,
(unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(fe->i_blkno));
- *bg_blkno = le64_to_cpu(bg->bg_blkno);
*bits_left = le16_to_cpu(bg->bg_free_bits_count);
bail:
brelse(group_bh);
@@ -1593,19 +1836,15 @@ bail:
}
/* will give out up to bits_wanted contiguous bits. */
-static int ocfs2_claim_suballoc_bits(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
- struct ocfs2_alloc_context *ac,
+static int ocfs2_claim_suballoc_bits(struct ocfs2_alloc_context *ac,
handle_t *handle,
u32 bits_wanted,
u32 min_bits,
- u16 *bit_off,
- unsigned int *num_bits,
- u64 *bg_blkno)
+ struct ocfs2_suballoc_result *res)
{
int status;
u16 victim, i;
u16 bits_left = 0;
- u64 hint_blkno = ac->ac_last_group;
struct ocfs2_chain_list *cl;
struct ocfs2_dinode *fe;
@@ -1623,7 +1862,8 @@ static int ocfs2_claim_suballoc_bits(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
if (le32_to_cpu(fe->id1.bitmap1.i_used) >=
le32_to_cpu(fe->id1.bitmap1.i_total)) {
- ocfs2_error(osb->sb, "Chain allocator dinode %llu has %u used "
+ ocfs2_error(ac->ac_inode->i_sb,
+ "Chain allocator dinode %llu has %u used "
"bits but only %u total.",
(unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(fe->i_blkno),
le32_to_cpu(fe->id1.bitmap1.i_used),
@@ -1632,22 +1872,16 @@ static int ocfs2_claim_suballoc_bits(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
goto bail;
}
- if (hint_blkno) {
+ res->sr_bg_blkno = ac->ac_last_group;
+ if (res->sr_bg_blkno) {
/* Attempt to short-circuit the usual search mechanism
* by jumping straight to the most recently used
* allocation group. This helps us mantain some
* contiguousness across allocations. */
status = ocfs2_search_one_group(ac, handle, bits_wanted,
- min_bits, bit_off, num_bits,
- hint_blkno, &bits_left);
- if (!status) {
- /* Be careful to update *bg_blkno here as the
- * caller is expecting it to be filled in, and
- * ocfs2_search_one_group() won't do that for
- * us. */
- *bg_blkno = hint_blkno;
+ min_bits, res, &bits_left);
+ if (!status)
goto set_hint;
- }
if (status < 0 && status != -ENOSPC) {
mlog_errno(status);
goto bail;
@@ -1660,8 +1894,8 @@ static int ocfs2_claim_suballoc_bits(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
ac->ac_chain = victim;
ac->ac_allow_chain_relink = 1;
- status = ocfs2_search_chain(ac, handle, bits_wanted, min_bits, bit_off,
- num_bits, bg_blkno, &bits_left);
+ status = ocfs2_search_chain(ac, handle, bits_wanted, min_bits,
+ res, &bits_left);
if (!status)
goto set_hint;
if (status < 0 && status != -ENOSPC) {
@@ -1685,8 +1919,7 @@ static int ocfs2_claim_suballoc_bits(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
ac->ac_chain = i;
status = ocfs2_search_chain(ac, handle, bits_wanted, min_bits,
- bit_off, num_bits, bg_blkno,
- &bits_left);
+ res, &bits_left);
if (!status)
break;
if (status < 0 && status != -ENOSPC) {
@@ -1703,7 +1936,7 @@ set_hint:
if (bits_left < min_bits)
ac->ac_last_group = 0;
else
- ac->ac_last_group = *bg_blkno;
+ ac->ac_last_group = res->sr_bg_blkno;
}
bail:
@@ -1711,37 +1944,37 @@ bail:
return status;
}
-int ocfs2_claim_metadata(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
- handle_t *handle,
+int ocfs2_claim_metadata(handle_t *handle,
struct ocfs2_alloc_context *ac,
u32 bits_wanted,
+ u64 *suballoc_loc,
u16 *suballoc_bit_start,
unsigned int *num_bits,
u64 *blkno_start)
{
int status;
- u64 bg_blkno;
+ struct ocfs2_suballoc_result res = { .sr_blkno = 0, };
BUG_ON(!ac);
BUG_ON(ac->ac_bits_wanted < (ac->ac_bits_given + bits_wanted));
BUG_ON(ac->ac_which != OCFS2_AC_USE_META);
- status = ocfs2_claim_suballoc_bits(osb,
- ac,
+ status = ocfs2_claim_suballoc_bits(ac,
handle,
bits_wanted,
1,
- suballoc_bit_start,
- num_bits,
- &bg_blkno);
+ &res);
if (status < 0) {
mlog_errno(status);
goto bail;
}
- atomic_inc(&osb->alloc_stats.bg_allocs);
+ atomic_inc(&OCFS2_SB(ac->ac_inode->i_sb)->alloc_stats.bg_allocs);
- *blkno_start = bg_blkno + (u64) *suballoc_bit_start;
- ac->ac_bits_given += (*num_bits);
+ *suballoc_loc = res.sr_bg_blkno;
+ *suballoc_bit_start = res.sr_bit_offset;
+ *blkno_start = res.sr_blkno;
+ ac->ac_bits_given += res.sr_bits;
+ *num_bits = res.sr_bits;
status = 0;
bail:
mlog_exit(status);
@@ -1749,10 +1982,10 @@ bail:
}
static void ocfs2_init_inode_ac_group(struct inode *dir,
- struct buffer_head *parent_fe_bh,
+ struct buffer_head *parent_di_bh,
struct ocfs2_alloc_context *ac)
{
- struct ocfs2_dinode *fe = (struct ocfs2_dinode *)parent_fe_bh->b_data;
+ struct ocfs2_dinode *di = (struct ocfs2_dinode *)parent_di_bh->b_data;
/*
* Try to allocate inodes from some specific group.
*
@@ -1766,10 +1999,14 @@ static void ocfs2_init_inode_ac_group(struct inode *dir,
if (OCFS2_I(dir)->ip_last_used_group &&
OCFS2_I(dir)->ip_last_used_slot == ac->ac_alloc_slot)
ac->ac_last_group = OCFS2_I(dir)->ip_last_used_group;
- else if (le16_to_cpu(fe->i_suballoc_slot) == ac->ac_alloc_slot)
- ac->ac_last_group = ocfs2_which_suballoc_group(
- le64_to_cpu(fe->i_blkno),
- le16_to_cpu(fe->i_suballoc_bit));
+ else if (le16_to_cpu(di->i_suballoc_slot) == ac->ac_alloc_slot) {
+ if (di->i_suballoc_loc)
+ ac->ac_last_group = le64_to_cpu(di->i_suballoc_loc);
+ else
+ ac->ac_last_group = ocfs2_which_suballoc_group(
+ le64_to_cpu(di->i_blkno),
+ le16_to_cpu(di->i_suballoc_bit));
+ }
}
static inline void ocfs2_save_inode_ac_group(struct inode *dir,
@@ -1779,17 +2016,16 @@ static inline void ocfs2_save_inode_ac_group(struct inode *dir,
OCFS2_I(dir)->ip_last_used_slot = ac->ac_alloc_slot;
}
-int ocfs2_claim_new_inode(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
- handle_t *handle,
+int ocfs2_claim_new_inode(handle_t *handle,
struct inode *dir,
struct buffer_head *parent_fe_bh,
struct ocfs2_alloc_context *ac,
+ u64 *suballoc_loc,
u16 *suballoc_bit,
u64 *fe_blkno)
{
int status;
- unsigned int num_bits;
- u64 bg_blkno;
+ struct ocfs2_suballoc_result res;
mlog_entry_void();
@@ -1800,23 +2036,22 @@ int ocfs2_claim_new_inode(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
ocfs2_init_inode_ac_group(dir, parent_fe_bh, ac);
- status = ocfs2_claim_suballoc_bits(osb,
- ac,
+ status = ocfs2_claim_suballoc_bits(ac,
handle,
1,
1,
- suballoc_bit,
- &num_bits,
- &bg_blkno);
+ &res);
if (status < 0) {
mlog_errno(status);
goto bail;
}
- atomic_inc(&osb->alloc_stats.bg_allocs);
+ atomic_inc(&OCFS2_SB(ac->ac_inode->i_sb)->alloc_stats.bg_allocs);
- BUG_ON(num_bits != 1);
+ BUG_ON(res.sr_bits != 1);
- *fe_blkno = bg_blkno + (u64) (*suballoc_bit);
+ *suballoc_loc = res.sr_bg_blkno;
+ *suballoc_bit = res.sr_bit_offset;
+ *fe_blkno = res.sr_blkno;
ac->ac_bits_given++;
ocfs2_save_inode_ac_group(dir, ac);
status = 0;
@@ -1886,8 +2121,7 @@ static inline void ocfs2_block_to_cluster_group(struct inode *inode,
* contig. allocation, set to '1' to indicate we can deal with extents
* of any size.
*/
-int __ocfs2_claim_clusters(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
- handle_t *handle,
+int __ocfs2_claim_clusters(handle_t *handle,
struct ocfs2_alloc_context *ac,
u32 min_clusters,
u32 max_clusters,
@@ -1896,8 +2130,8 @@ int __ocfs2_claim_clusters(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
{
int status;
unsigned int bits_wanted = max_clusters;
- u64 bg_blkno = 0;
- u16 bg_bit_off;
+ struct ocfs2_suballoc_result res = { .sr_blkno = 0, };
+ struct ocfs2_super *osb = OCFS2_SB(ac->ac_inode->i_sb);
mlog_entry_void();
@@ -1907,6 +2141,8 @@ int __ocfs2_claim_clusters(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
&& ac->ac_which != OCFS2_AC_USE_MAIN);
if (ac->ac_which == OCFS2_AC_USE_LOCAL) {
+ WARN_ON(min_clusters > 1);
+
status = ocfs2_claim_local_alloc_bits(osb,
handle,
ac,
@@ -1929,20 +2165,19 @@ int __ocfs2_claim_clusters(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
if (bits_wanted > (osb->bitmap_cpg - 1))
bits_wanted = osb->bitmap_cpg - 1;
- status = ocfs2_claim_suballoc_bits(osb,
- ac,
+ status = ocfs2_claim_suballoc_bits(ac,
handle,
bits_wanted,
min_clusters,
- &bg_bit_off,
- num_clusters,
- &bg_blkno);
+ &res);
if (!status) {
+ BUG_ON(res.sr_blkno); /* cluster alloc can't set */
*cluster_start =
ocfs2_desc_bitmap_to_cluster_off(ac->ac_inode,
- bg_blkno,
- bg_bit_off);
+ res.sr_bg_blkno,
+ res.sr_bit_offset);
atomic_inc(&osb->alloc_stats.bitmap_data);
+ *num_clusters = res.sr_bits;
}
}
if (status < 0) {
@@ -1958,8 +2193,7 @@ bail:
return status;
}
-int ocfs2_claim_clusters(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
- handle_t *handle,
+int ocfs2_claim_clusters(handle_t *handle,
struct ocfs2_alloc_context *ac,
u32 min_clusters,
u32 *cluster_start,
@@ -1967,7 +2201,7 @@ int ocfs2_claim_clusters(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
{
unsigned int bits_wanted = ac->ac_bits_wanted - ac->ac_bits_given;
- return __ocfs2_claim_clusters(osb, handle, ac, min_clusters,
+ return __ocfs2_claim_clusters(handle, ac, min_clusters,
bits_wanted, cluster_start, num_clusters);
}
@@ -2023,9 +2257,7 @@ static int ocfs2_block_group_clear_bits(handle_t *handle,
if (undo_fn)
jbd_unlock_bh_state(group_bh);
- status = ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, group_bh);
- if (status < 0)
- mlog_errno(status);
+ ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, group_bh);
bail:
return status;
}
@@ -2092,12 +2324,7 @@ static int _ocfs2_free_suballoc_bits(handle_t *handle,
count);
tmp_used = le32_to_cpu(fe->id1.bitmap1.i_used);
fe->id1.bitmap1.i_used = cpu_to_le32(tmp_used - count);
-
- status = ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, alloc_bh);
- if (status < 0) {
- mlog_errno(status);
- goto bail;
- }
+ ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, alloc_bh);
bail:
brelse(group_bh);
@@ -2126,6 +2353,8 @@ int ocfs2_free_dinode(handle_t *handle,
u16 bit = le16_to_cpu(di->i_suballoc_bit);
u64 bg_blkno = ocfs2_which_suballoc_group(blk, bit);
+ if (di->i_suballoc_loc)
+ bg_blkno = le64_to_cpu(di->i_suballoc_loc);
return ocfs2_free_suballoc_bits(handle, inode_alloc_inode,
inode_alloc_bh, bit, bg_blkno, 1);
}
@@ -2395,7 +2624,7 @@ static int ocfs2_test_suballoc_bit(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
struct buffer_head *alloc_bh, u64 blkno,
u16 bit, int *res)
{
- struct ocfs2_dinode *alloc_fe;
+ struct ocfs2_dinode *alloc_di;
struct ocfs2_group_desc *group;
struct buffer_head *group_bh = NULL;
u64 bg_blkno;
@@ -2404,17 +2633,20 @@ static int ocfs2_test_suballoc_bit(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
mlog_entry("blkno: %llu bit: %u\n", (unsigned long long)blkno,
(unsigned int)bit);
- alloc_fe = (struct ocfs2_dinode *)alloc_bh->b_data;
- if ((bit + 1) > ocfs2_bits_per_group(&alloc_fe->id2.i_chain)) {
+ alloc_di = (struct ocfs2_dinode *)alloc_bh->b_data;
+ if ((bit + 1) > ocfs2_bits_per_group(&alloc_di->id2.i_chain)) {
mlog(ML_ERROR, "suballoc bit %u out of range of %u\n",
(unsigned int)bit,
- ocfs2_bits_per_group(&alloc_fe->id2.i_chain));
+ ocfs2_bits_per_group(&alloc_di->id2.i_chain));
status = -EINVAL;
goto bail;
}
- bg_blkno = ocfs2_which_suballoc_group(blkno, bit);
- status = ocfs2_read_group_descriptor(suballoc, alloc_fe, bg_blkno,
+ if (alloc_di->i_suballoc_loc)
+ bg_blkno = le64_to_cpu(alloc_di->i_suballoc_loc);
+ else
+ bg_blkno = ocfs2_which_suballoc_group(blkno, bit);
+ status = ocfs2_read_group_descriptor(suballoc, alloc_di, bg_blkno,
&group_bh);
if (status < 0) {
mlog(ML_ERROR, "read group %llu failed %d\n",